《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》与《推销员之死》之相似性比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 14:13

【摘要】：被盛誉为“美国现代戏剧之父”的尤金·奥尼尔与有着“美国易卜生”之称的阿瑟·米勒堪称是20世纪美国最杰出的两位戏剧大师。他们的传世之作《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》与《推销员之死》通过两个中产阶级家庭的悲剧,揭露了美国民众在物欲横流年代所面临的普遍性的家庭和社会问题,并指出造成这些问题的元凶是当时美国社会横行的扭曲的价值观。自公开发表和演出以来,这两部杰出的剧作引起了无数观众读者的共鸣,并受到了国内外专家学者的广泛关注。目前,国内外学术界已从各方面分别对这两部作品进行了深入的研讨,然而专注于它们之间相似性的比较研究却很少且较浅显,因此这方面的研究急待深入进行。本论文通过对这两部伟大戏剧的比较研究发现其具有许多相似之处,首先,两部戏剧中的人物呈对应关系,他们既是悲剧的制造者同时也是悲剧的受害者；其次,两部作品中出现的意象也呈现出对应关系并具有相同的象征意义,如：玛丽的婚纱和威利的红色小轿车代表着逝去的快乐时光,毒品和丝袜都象征着背叛,而两个冷酷的人物哈代医生和青年老板霍华德则象征无情的美国物质社会；最后,这两部具有现实意义的悲剧作品揭示了相同的主题：家庭问题及美国梦的破碎。这些相似性说明关注普通人的生活悲剧,揭露普遍存在的家庭和社会问题是奥尼尔和米勒这两位戏剧大师在对现代悲剧进行探索和实践时的共同选择。本文在文本研究和平行研究方法的基础上,借用女性主义理论和弗洛伊德有关俄狄浦斯情结的心理学理论,旨在从人物性格,象征意象以及共同主题等方面对这两部具有现实意义的悲剧作品进行比较研究,找出其相似之处,以达到更深入地了解两位伟大剧作家及其作品的目的,并通过揭示20世纪上半叶美国普通人在物欲膨胀时期遭遇的精神困境,警示中国民众在当今经济快速发展的情况下一定要树立正确的价值观,建立和谐的人际关系。
[Abstract]:Eugene O'Neill, as the father of American Modern Drama, and Arthur Hans Muller, who is known as Ibsen of America, are the two most outstanding American dramatists in the 20th century. Through the tragedy of two middle-class families, their works "the long Journey into the Night" and "the death of a Salesman" expose the universal family and social problems facing the American people in the age of materiality. He also pointed out that the culprit of these problems was the distorted values prevailing in American society at that time. Since their public publication and performance, these two outstanding plays have aroused the sympathy of countless audience readers, and received extensive attention of experts and scholars at home and abroad. At present, the domestic and foreign academic circles have carried on the thorough research from each aspect respectively to these two works, but the comparison research which concentrates on their similarity is few and relatively simple, therefore this aspect research urgently needs to carry on deeply. Through the comparative study of the two great plays, this thesis finds that they have many similarities. Firstly, the characters in the two plays have a corresponding relationship. They are not only the creator of the tragedy but also the victim of the tragedy. The images that appear in the two works also have the same symbolic significance: Mary's wedding dress and Willie's red sedan represent the passing of happy times, drugs and stockings both symbolize betrayal. Two cold characters, Dr. Hardy and young boss Howard, symbolize the merciless American material society. Finally, the two tragic works of realistic significance reveal the same theme: family problems and the fragmentation of the American dream. These similarities show that it is the common choice of O'Neill and Hans Muller to pay close attention to the tragedy of ordinary people and to expose the common problems of family and society when O'Neill and Hans Muller are exploring and practicing the modern tragedy. On the basis of textual research and parallel research methods, this paper draws on feminist theory and Freud's psychological theory on Oedipus complex, aiming at the character of characters. In order to get a deeper understanding of the two great dramatists and their works, the symbolic image and the common theme are compared and studied to find out the similarities between the two tragic works of realistic significance. By revealing the spiritual dilemma encountered by ordinary Americans in the first half of the 20th century during the period of material expansion, the author warns that Chinese people must set up correct values and establish harmonious interpersonal relationships under the circumstances of rapid economic development.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.073

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