《蝇王》的生态批评研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 20:07

【摘要】：在经济高速发展的今天,虽然我们的生活水平日渐提高,而我们的生态自然环境却在日益恶化。全球变暖、臭氧层破坏、酸雨、淡水资源危机、能源短缺、森林资源锐减以及土地荒漠化等环境问题日益严重,其危害也逐渐显现。这使得我们不得不重新审视人与自然的关系,反思自身行为。本文从生态批评的角度,结合象征主义对《蝇王》进行解读,并且试图分析小说中海岛的价值,来揭示人类生存困境：人与自然关系的恶化最终导致人类自相残杀,自我毁灭。逃难的孩子们来到海岛上,由最初与海岛的和谐相处到后来对海岛生态的疯狂破坏,由最初以海岛为立身之本到后来将海岛完全烧毁,这折射了人与自然的关系以及人与人的关系。一个原本风景如画的人间乐园是如何在亚当们手中逐渐沦为失火的伊甸园,夏娃又处于何种境遇。通过上述分析,论文对这部具有普遍意义的神话主题的小说进行了新的阐释与解读。同时,它将使我们对当今世界人类的状况再次产生一种警醒的认识,从而真切体会到自然界的平衡规律和人类维护自然界规律的责任。本文通过探讨小说中所展现的现代社会中男人、女人及自然之间的关系来研究戈尔丁的生态主义思想,其中包括人与自然之间的关系,男人与女人之间的关系,总而言之,这三者的关系共同阐明了小说提倡和谐的原则：人类必须学会与自然和谐相处,必须停止对自然的剥削、污染等破坏自然的行为。如前所述,只有与自然和谐共处,人类才能过着快乐、繁荣、文明的生活,人性才能得到永恒。本文首先对《蝇王》这部小说进行了简要的介绍,在对国内外相关研究进行综述的基础上,通过对其研究目的、意义的介绍进一步说明小说的主旨就是维护生态自然,人与自然的关系。通过对其分析提出了生态美学的理论。其次,本文通过描述乌托邦之美,以及由于人类的行为所致乌托邦的殒灭,进一步阐述人与自然应该和谐相处的问题。本文继而分析了小说中女性的缺失这一现象,而这正是对重建男人与女人之间关系的呼唤。在很长一段时间里,妇女在西方社会一直从属于男人,被视为比男人低级。《蝇王》继承了荒岛小说中将女人置于不必要的位置的传统,并将其发挥到了极致。但是,戈尔丁的真正意图并非提倡男人压迫女人,而是揭示女人的重要性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, although our living standard is improving day by day, our ecological environment is deteriorating day by day. Global warming, ozone layer destruction, acid rain, fresh water resources crisis, energy shortage, forest resources decline and land desertification and other environmental problems are becoming more and more serious. This makes us have to re-examine the relationship between man and nature, reflect on their own behavior. From the angle of ecological criticism and symbolism, this paper tries to analyze the value of islands in the novel to reveal the plight of human existence: the deterioration of the relationship between man and nature eventually leads to the killing of each other and self-destruction. The children who fled came to the island, from being in harmony with the island at first to the crazy destruction of the island's ecology later, from taking the island as its foundation at first to burning the island completely later. This reflects the relationship between man and nature and between man and man. How did a picturesque paradise in the hands of Adam gradually degenerate into the Garden of Eden, and what kind of circumstances did Eve find herself in? Through the above analysis, the thesis gives a new explanation and interpretation of the mythical theme of the novel. At the same time, it will make us realize the balance law of nature and the responsibility of maintaining the law of nature again. This paper discusses the relationship between man, woman and nature in modern society, which is shown in the novel, to study Golding's ecologism, including the relationship between man and nature, the relationship between man and woman, and, in a word, the relationship between man and woman. The relationship between these three states the principle that the novel advocates harmony: human beings must learn to live in harmony with nature, must stop the exploitation of nature, pollution and other acts of destroying nature. As mentioned earlier, only by living in harmony with nature, can human beings lead a happy, prosperous and civilized life. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the novel "Lord of the flies". On the basis of summarizing the related researches at home and abroad, the purpose and significance of the study further explain that the main purpose of the novel is to preserve the ecological nature. The relationship between man and nature. The theory of ecological aesthetics is put forward by analyzing it. Secondly, by describing the beauty of utopia and the extinction of utopia caused by human behavior, this paper further expounds the problem that man and nature should live in harmony. This paper then analyzes the absence of women in the novel, which calls for rebuilding the relationship between men and women. For a long time, women have been subordinate to men in Western society and considered inferior to men. [Lord of the flies] inherits the tradition of placing women in an unnecessary position in desert island novels and exerts them to the extreme. But Golding's real intention was not to advocate the oppression of women by men, but to reveal the importance of women.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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