存在主义视角下的《追风筝的人》
发布时间：2019-04-03 18:25
【摘要】：卡勒德·胡赛尼是一位美籍阿富汗作家，他的处女作品《追风筝的人》在2003年一经出版就受到了全世界的广泛好评。他的作品主要探讨关于个体的生存问题，这一主题与存在主义的主题有共同之处。《追风筝的人》主要围绕阿富汗人的移民生存境遇和生存状况展开，并论述了他们在美国的境遇，表达了胡赛尼对全人类的终极关怀。在这部小说中，胡赛尼把战后阿富汗描述为既杂乱又无理性，生活荒诞，无意义可言。在塔利班的统治下，阿富汗人充满异化感和孤独感。他们的生活充满了焦虑和不安，生活充斥着虚无感。他们要面对很对冲突，为了冲出困境，这些人选择了“自欺”。尽管如此，困境未能被摆脱反而挫败感一直存在。《追风筝的人》所揭示的阿富汗人的遭遇，当今人类也同样存在,所以这部小说有一种普遍意义。 法国著名哲学家让·保罗·萨特的存在主义探讨的是人类的生存状况和困境，主要观点是荒诞、异化、孤独、焦虑、虚无、自欺等，在卡勒德·胡赛尼这部小说中体现的思想与之相吻合。卡勒德·胡赛尼和萨特揭示在荒诞无序的世界里生存的无意义，人生充满孤独与无耐，同时也认为意义和希望并非不存在,绝望的生活中仍有一丝希望，做出的选择决定了自己成为什么样的人，要勇于为自己的行为担当责任。 这篇论文从存在主义视角解读《追风筝的人》。本文包括三个章节以及引言和结论。引言部分介绍了小说作者的生平及其作品,并对国内外关于卡勒德·胡赛尼及其作品的研究进行了综述,进而总结了本文的研究方法,研究意义以及结论。 第一章分析荒诞性。通过小说中人物，事物和情节的分析，体现了在塔利班的统治下，阿富汗的杂乱、阿富汗人生活的荒诞性、阿富汗人的异化和孤独和恐惧。 第二章分析阿富汗人生存的虚无。在荒诞以及缺乏理性的世界，虚无包围着人们，人无法摆脱焦虑的心情，唯有积极面对。本文中主人公阿米尔焦虑的心情体现在他年幼时对父爱的缺失自己以及为得到父爱的采取一系列举动的情况，与此同时，由民族间冲突引起的焦虑也在这部分得到分析。 第三章分析存在主义思想：自由选择和承担责任的重要性。人在做出自由选择的时候，往往会陷入自欺的状态，自欺不是正常的生存方式，可以使焦虑和痛苦暂时忘却，但之后却让人充满压抑感和挫败感，，对于真我的追求倍受折磨。承担责任也是存在主义的一个重要思想，经历了自欺的阶段，面对多变的世界，为了走出内心的困境，主人公勇于做出选择，最后为自己的行为做出了担当。 通过综合分析以上三章得出结论：《追风筝的人》探讨了阿富汗人的生存状况和他们经历的各种人生困境，当今的人们也同样面临此类问题。所以,卡勒德·胡赛尼所关怀的不仅是阿富汗人的境遇和生存状况更关注整个人类生存状况和困境.在全球化的今天我们人类的出路在哪里？世界的尽头在哪？《追风筝的人》没有给出明确的答案，但是我们可以确信，人类可以补救犯过的错误。将来会发生什么，没有人能给出确切的答案，虽然我们不知道人类将面临哪些困境，但是我们可以自由的做出选择。
[Abstract]:Kared Husseini, a American-American writer, was widely praised by the world as soon as he was published in 2003. His work focuses on the question of the survival of the individual, which is in common with the subject of the Existentialism. The people who follow the kite are mainly about the living conditions and the living conditions of the Afghans, and discussed their situation in the United States and expressed the ultimate concern of Husseini to all mankind. In this novel, Husseini described the post-war Afghanistan as neither messy nor rational, absurd, and meaningless. Under the Taliban rule, the Afghans are full of alienation and loneliness. Their life is full of anxiety and unease, and life is full of nothingness. They have to face a lot of conflict, and these people have chosen the "self-deception" in order to get out of the situation. Still, the failure to get rid of the frustration has always been. The novel has a universal meaning, as the people of the kites are the same as those of the exposed Afghans. The Existentialism of the famous French philosopher Jean Paul Sartre is the human existence and the dilemma. The main point of view is absurdity, dissimilation, loneliness, anxiety, nothingness, self-deception and so on. In the sense and hope that there is no sense of meaning and hope not to exist, there is still a glimmer of hope in the life of despair, and the choices they made determine what they are. Man, be willing to take responsibility for his behavior Ren. This paper interprets the "pursuit of a kite" from the view of the existentialism People>. This article includes three chapters and the introduction The introduction part introduces the life of the author of the novel and his works, and summarizes the research of the author in the home and abroad on the Kared Husseini and his works, and then summarizes the research methods and the significance of the research. I. Chapter I The analysis of the characters, things and the plot in the novel reflects the chaos of Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban, the absurdity of the life of the Afghans, the alienation of the Afghans and the dissimilation of the Afghans. Loneliness and Fear. Chapter II Analysis of Aifu The nothingness of the Khan's existence. In the absurdity and the lack of a rational world, the nothingness surrounds the people, and the people can't get rid of the anxiety The mood of Amir's anxiety in this article is reflected in the absence of his father's love in his childhood and a series of moves to get his father's love, at the same time, the anxiety caused by the inter-ethnic conflict is also This part is analyzed. The third chapter analyzes the Existentialism: the free choice. The importance of responsibility is that people often fall into self-deception when making a free choice, and self-deception is not a normal way of life, so that anxiety and pain can be temporarily forgotten, but after that, it is full of sense of repression and frustration. It is true that my pursuit is tormented. The responsibility is also an important thought of the Existentialism, the stage of self-deception, facing the changeable world, in order to get out of the inner dilemma, the protagonist is brave to make a choice, and finally, it is self-adaptive. Through the comprehensive analysis of the above three chapters, the following three chapters have come to the conclusion: "The people who follow the kite" have discussed the living conditions of the Afghans and the various kinds of life difficulties they have experienced, and today It is also the same for people, so, not only is the situation of the Afghans and the situation of the survival of the Afghans concerned, The whole human existence and the plight. In the present day of globalization Oh, my God, we're the way out. Where? Where's the end of the world? A kite-chasing man does not give a clear answer, but we can be sure, Human can remedy the mistakes that have been made. What will happen in the future, no one can give the exact answer, though we don't know what the human will face, but
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2453444
[Abstract]:Kared Husseini, a American-American writer, was widely praised by the world as soon as he was published in 2003. His work focuses on the question of the survival of the individual, which is in common with the subject of the Existentialism. The people who follow the kite are mainly about the living conditions and the living conditions of the Afghans, and discussed their situation in the United States and expressed the ultimate concern of Husseini to all mankind. In this novel, Husseini described the post-war Afghanistan as neither messy nor rational, absurd, and meaningless. Under the Taliban rule, the Afghans are full of alienation and loneliness. Their life is full of anxiety and unease, and life is full of nothingness. They have to face a lot of conflict, and these people have chosen the "self-deception" in order to get out of the situation. Still, the failure to get rid of the frustration has always been. The novel has a universal meaning, as the people of the kites are the same as those of the exposed Afghans. The Existentialism of the famous French philosopher Jean Paul Sartre is the human existence and the dilemma. The main point of view is absurdity, dissimilation, loneliness, anxiety, nothingness, self-deception and so on. In the sense and hope that there is no sense of meaning and hope not to exist, there is still a glimmer of hope in the life of despair, and the choices they made determine what they are. Man, be willing to take responsibility for his behavior Ren. This paper interprets the "pursuit of a kite" from the view of the existentialism People>. This article includes three chapters and the introduction The introduction part introduces the life of the author of the novel and his works, and summarizes the research of the author in the home and abroad on the Kared Husseini and his works, and then summarizes the research methods and the significance of the research. I. Chapter I The analysis of the characters, things and the plot in the novel reflects the chaos of Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban, the absurdity of the life of the Afghans, the alienation of the Afghans and the dissimilation of the Afghans. Loneliness and Fear. Chapter II Analysis of Aifu The nothingness of the Khan's existence. In the absurdity and the lack of a rational world, the nothingness surrounds the people, and the people can't get rid of the anxiety The mood of Amir's anxiety in this article is reflected in the absence of his father's love in his childhood and a series of moves to get his father's love, at the same time, the anxiety caused by the inter-ethnic conflict is also This part is analyzed. The third chapter analyzes the Existentialism: the free choice. The importance of responsibility is that people often fall into self-deception when making a free choice, and self-deception is not a normal way of life, so that anxiety and pain can be temporarily forgotten, but after that, it is full of sense of repression and frustration. It is true that my pursuit is tormented. The responsibility is also an important thought of the Existentialism, the stage of self-deception, facing the changeable world, in order to get out of the inner dilemma, the protagonist is brave to make a choice, and finally, it is self-adaptive. Through the comprehensive analysis of the above three chapters, the following three chapters have come to the conclusion: "The people who follow the kite" have discussed the living conditions of the Afghans and the various kinds of life difficulties they have experienced, and today It is also the same for people, so, not only is the situation of the Afghans and the situation of the survival of the Afghans concerned, The whole human existence and the plight. In the present day of globalization Oh, my God, we're the way out. Where? Where's the end of the world? A kite-chasing man does not give a clear answer, but we can be sure, Human can remedy the mistakes that have been made. What will happen in the future, no one can give the exact answer, though we don't know what the human will face, but
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
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