抗日战争时期陇东革命根据地民间小戏研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 07:36

本文关键词：抗日战争时期陇东革命根据地民间小戏研究　出处：《西北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民间小戏，是中国乡村社会最具代表性的娱乐活动之一。陇东地区的民间小戏种类繁多，表演内容丰富，是陇东人民主要的娱乐方式，更是他们乡村文化的重要组成部分。 1937年抗日战争全面爆发后，陇东成为中共发展革命力量的重要地区，并在那里建立了陇东革命根据地。根据地政府为了宣传革命、动员民众，将陇东民间小戏利用并加以改造，为边区民主政治建设和文化建设发挥了积极作用。陇东分区成立后，共产党对根据地民间小戏从内容、形式上都进行了改造，使之打上了“革命性”烙印。特别是1942年以后，延安文艺座谈会召开，，使陇东分区的民间小戏进入到新的阶段。革命秧歌和社火，还有其他种类的民间小戏也在庆阳、环县、曲子、华池、合水、镇原等红色区域蓬勃开展起来，其中有三首民歌还唱红了整个边区，受到了边区领导的赞誉，其文化性与艺术性经久不衰。边区政府对民间文化的改造在一定意义上促进了民众的民族意识，也调动了生产积极性，这为其他根据地的革命文化建设树立了榜样。本论文共包括七个部分，即绪论、五章内容和结语。绪论部分论述了本篇文章的选题背景和缘由、研究现状、研究重点和难点以及研究方法等四个方面。第一章从整体入手，概括了抗战之前陇东民间小戏的发展状况，包括陇东民间戏剧剧种介绍、民间戏班的生活状况和国民党对陇东民间小戏的摧残与迫害；第二章是本篇论文的重点部分，论述了抗战时期民间小戏被共产党所改造的情况。主要包括对传统剧目的改造，旧艺人的改造和外来剧团对陇东革命根据地文艺的贡献；第三章介绍了抗战进行到相持阶段后，群众文艺运动的兴起使得原本以娱乐为主的民间小戏被政治教化所代替，在一定程度上促进了全民抗战的胜利；第四章论述了延安文艺座谈会后边区政府制定了新的文艺政策，并对秦腔、皮影戏及各社团、剧团进行改造，展现出了被政府所改造下的民间小戏另一番情况。第五章则从政治、经济、文化和军事四个方面来论述了民间小戏所带来的影响。结论部分是对全文进行总结，指出抗日战争时期由于共产党强大政治力量的渗透，使传统民间小戏部分被利用和改造，成为共产党宣传抗日的舆论工具，这为新民主主义的胜利和反法西斯战争的胜利做出了应有的贡献。
[Abstract]:Folk drama is one of the most representative entertainment activities in Chinese rural society. There are many kinds of folk plays in Longdong area, and they are the main entertainment way of Longdong people. It is also an important part of their rural culture. In 1937, after the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, Longdong became an important area for the CPC to develop revolutionary forces, and established the Longdong Revolutionary Base area, where the government mobilized the people in order to propagate the revolution. Making use of and reforming the folk drama in Longdong has played an active role in the construction of democratic politics and culture in the border area. After the establishment of the Longdong Subarea, the Communist Party reformed the small folk drama in the base area in content and form, so that it was branded as "revolutionary." especially after 1942, the Yenan Literature and Art Symposium was held. The folk drama in Longdong district entered a new stage. The revolutionary Yangge and social fire, as well as other kinds of folk drama in Qingyang, Huanxian, tunes, Huachi, Heshui, Zhenyuan and other red areas flourished. Among them, three folk songs also sang the whole border area, and received praise from the leaders of the border area, whose cultural and artistic character has been enduring for a long time. The transformation of folk culture by the government of the border region has promoted the national consciousness of the people and aroused the enthusiasm of production to a certain extent, which has set an example for the construction of revolutionary culture in other base areas. This thesis consists of seven parts, namely, introduction, five chapters and conclusion. The introduction discusses the background and reasons of this article, the research status quo. The first chapter summarizes the development of Longdong Folk Drama before the Anti-Japanese War, including the introduction of Longdong Folk Drama. The living conditions of folk opera troupes and the destruction and persecution of folk drama in Longdong by the Kuomintang; The second chapter is the key part of this paper, which discusses the transformation of the small folk drama by the Communist Party during the War of Resistance against Japan, mainly including the transformation of the traditional repertoire. The transformation of old entertainers and the contribution of foreign theatrical troupes to the literature and art of Longdong revolutionary base area; The third chapter introduces that the rise of mass literature and art movement made the folk drama, which was based on entertainment, replaced by political education, to a certain extent, promoted the victory of the whole people's anti-Japanese war after the War of Resistance against Japan went on to the stage of stalemate. Chapter 4th discusses the Yanan literature and art forum after the district government formulated a new literature and art policy, and the Qin Opera, shadow play and various associations, theatrical troupes to reform. 5th chapter from the political, economic, cultural and military aspects to discuss the impact of small folk drama. The conclusion is a summary of the full text. It is pointed out that during the War of Resistance against Japan, because of the infiltration of the strong political power of the Communist Party, the part of the traditional folk drama was used and reformed, and it became the public opinion tool for the Communist Party to propagate the resistance against Japan. This has made due contributions to the victory of the new democracy and the victory of the anti-fascist war.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J809.2

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