内蒙古二人台的调查与研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 05:07

本文关键词：内蒙古二人台的调查与研究　出处：《山西师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 二人台,近百年来长期活跃在晋北、陕北、内蒙古西部、冀北等省地,是广大人民最喜闻乐见的地方戏曲之一。这个由蒙汉两族人民共同产生的艺术表演形式,是蒙汉文化交流的特有产物,在中国北疆人民的社会生活中占有很重要的位置。二人台集民歌、民间歌舞、说唱、戏曲、器乐、杂技等艺术形式为一体,是一种综合性的民间演艺品种。二人台经过长期的历史发展,至今已经积累了近百余个剧目,以枚(笛子)、四胡和扬琴为三大件主奏乐器,音乐风格鲜明而富有地域色彩,至今仍然十分活跃在城乡人民的社会生活中。特别是在内蒙古地区,二人台以其浓厚的历史文化和特殊的地理位置、丰富的民间文化艺术而呈现出地缘文化特色。内蒙古至今存在众多的民间二人台戏班,他们以原生形态的活动方式,沿着当年著名的走西口路线,常年演出于民间乡镇村落,深受蒙汉人民的喜爱。内蒙古二人台不仅以地道的艺术风格显示其浓郁地方特色,而且它在乡俗礼仪生活中扮演着独特的角色,在现代文化环境中发挥了特有的社会功能。笔者对内蒙古二人台剧团以及与西口路地域文化的关系进行了实地考察,从时间、地点、社会维护、文化象征等多维视角,展开了宏观与微观、过去与现在、原型与变异、局内与局外等层面的探究。基于对内蒙古二人台流行地域的实地普查,对其生存的地域背景与历史语境进行了文化追问;主要围绕着对内蒙古二人台艺术团、包头市漫瀚剧团和文化大院的田野调查,加以描述、比较、分析和阐释。论文主要分如下几个部分:一、简要介绍二人台及本文的研究目的、方法和意义;二人台的研究成果综述,主要介绍前人研究成果,大多由政府或文化部门组织整理的剧目、音乐方面的书籍。二、追溯二人台的历史渊源以及流布传播情况,在收集资料的基础上,对二人台起源、形成和发展的历史脉络进行梳理。关于二人台的源流有多种说法,本文认为是山西河曲起源,在内蒙古西部得到形成和发展。三、通过田野调查,本文从民间歌舞、说唱形式、器乐牌子曲三个方面来研究内蒙古二人台的演艺形式。四、介绍内蒙古二人台的剧目与社会影响,并对其中有较高知名度的剧目进行重点分析。五、论述内蒙古二人台的社会文化生态,对内蒙古二人台历史上的著名艺人和演员做了较全面的调查,还对解放前的戏班和解放后的剧团做了大量调查,从中分析剧种兴衰发展的轨迹以及社会原因。六、在对内蒙古二人台生存现状进行分析的基础上,预测它的发展前景。最后得出结论,内蒙古二人台在其发展过程中,对其他艺术形式进行吸收、借鉴,并保持和形成了一定的特色;目前虽然由于各种原因,面临着和许多小剧种同样的一些生存困境,但是它相对良好的生存状态,对当今戏曲的改革,又可以提供一些可资借鉴的经验。
[Abstract]:Er-ren Tai, which has been active in Shanxi, northern Shaanxi, western Inner Mongolia and northern Hebei for a long time in the past hundred years, is one of the most popular local operas among the broad masses of the people. It is a form of art performance jointly produced by the Mongolian and Han peoples. It is a unique product of Mongolian and Han cultural exchanges and plays an important role in the social life of the people of northern China. With folk songs, folk songs and dances, rap, opera, instrumental music, acrobatics and so on, they are a comprehensive variety of folk performing arts. So far has accumulated more than a hundred repertoire, with pieces (flute, Sihu and yangqin as the three main instruments, music style bright and rich regional color. It is still very active in the social life of urban and rural people, especially in Inner Mongolia, because of its strong historical culture and special geographical location. The rich folk culture and art and presents the geographical culture characteristic. There are many folk two-person Taiwan opera troupes in Inner Mongolia until now, they take the Xikou route by the original form activity way. Performance in folk villages and towns, deeply loved by the Mongolian and Han people. Inner Mongolia Erren Tai not only shows its strong local characteristics with authentic artistic style, but also plays a unique role in the folk etiquette life. In the modern cultural environment has played a unique social function. The author has carried on the field investigation to the Inner Mongolia two-person Taiwan opera troupe and the relations with the Xikou Road regional culture, from the time, the place, the social maintenance, the culture symbol and so on multi-dimensional angle of view, has carried on the macroscopic and the microscopic, the past and the present. Based on the field survey of the epidemic area of Errentai in Inner Mongolia, this paper makes a cultural inquiry into the regional background and historical context of its survival. It mainly focuses on the field investigation of Inner Mongolia two-person Taiwan Art Troupe, Baotou Man Han Opera Troupe and Cultural Courtyard to describe, compare, analyze and explain. The paper is divided into the following parts: 1. Brief introduction of the two-person station and the purpose, method and significance of this paper; Review of the research results of the two people, mainly introduced the previous research results, mostly organized by the government or cultural departments of the repertoire, music books. Second, trace back to the historical origin of the station and spread the situation. On the basis of collecting data, this paper sorts out the origin, formation and development of Errentai. There are many kinds of theories about the origin of Errentai, which is considered to be the origin of Shanxi Hequ. In the west of Inner Mongolia has been formed and developed. Third, through field investigation, this article from the folk song and dance, rap form, instrumental music brand music three aspects to study the performance form of Inner Mongolia Errentai. 4. This paper introduces the repertoire and social influence of Inner Mongolia Erren TV station, and analyzes emphatically the plays with high popularity. Fifth, it discusses the social and cultural ecology of Inner Mongolia Erren TV station. A comprehensive investigation was made on the famous artists and actors in the history of Inner Mongolia's two-person station, and a large number of investigations were also made on the opera troupes before liberation and the troupe after liberation. Sixth, on the basis of the analysis of the existing situation of Errentai in Inner Mongolia, the prospect of its development is forecasted. Finally, the conclusion is drawn. In the process of its development, Errentai of Inner Mongolia absorbs and draws lessons from other art forms, and maintains and forms certain characteristics. At present because of various reasons, it is faced with the same survival difficulties as many small plays, but it has a relatively good living condition, and can provide some experience for reference to the reform of today's opera.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：J825

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