晋剧艺术研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 10:21

本文选题：晋剧史　切入点：晋剧剧目　出处：《山西师范大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：晋剧是中国北方戏曲中具有特色的代表性剧种之一,它的历史悠久、剧目丰富、音乐独特、表演技艺高超,已被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。为了更好地保护晋剧艺术遗产,使之能够作持续性发展,近年来晋剧受到社会各界更多的关注,戏曲界学者对之进行了大量的研究工作,主要集中于戏剧文本研究,表演艺术家研究、戏曲音乐研究等选题。出于各种原因,晋剧艺术全面而系统的理论性研究成果至今未见。晋剧艺术是一种舞台表演艺术,由于历史原因,古代与近代史料奇缺,散见于一些有关的回忆录、艺术杂谈等文章中,至于当今晋剧的戏剧改革,特别是晋剧乐队音乐的现代化发展,学术界还未来得及总结。为了弥补晋剧艺术研究中这些缺失点,本文以晋剧艺术研究为题,试对之进行系统而全面的研究,以期对晋剧艺术遗产的保护工作贡献一份力量。本文设晋剧的产生、传播、班社、剧目、音乐、表演、音乐创新等七个章节,对晋剧艺术进行系统研究。每个章节中特别针对前人未涉及的问题做了深入挖掘,以补缺失。如晋剧为何能够在旧时交通极不发达的情况下远播外省,为何在晋商衰落以后能够继续留在冀蒙陕三省的部分地区并开花结果?而在其它地区却随晋商一起销声匿迹?对这些疑问学界尚未进行深入思考,本文在探索晋剧传播省外的动因时发现,晋剧在冀蒙陕落户地区均为北方“晋语区”。这些新“晋语区”的形成与明清时期的山西移民有直接关系,相近的习俗与方言正是晋剧能够在这些地区扎根的根本原因。本文通过大量史料分析理清了晋语区的形成与晋剧落户这三省的联系。长期以来,对于晋剧班社的经济来源少有学者进行探索,一方面是囿于史料的缺乏,另一方面则是学界对班社的经济状况长期不重视造成的,以戏谋生的职业戏班资金来源是怎样的呢?本文从庙台广场演出、会馆演出、园馆演出、堂会演出四个方面进行了探索,对班社经济来源方面的研究进行了补充。关于晋剧剧目研究,至今仍没有具体的统计数字。此前山西省戏曲研究所曾进行过两次剧目(本)的整理,李谦光先生于2015年也曾做了晋剧剧目的收集整理工作。但这三次剧目统计均以剧情的发生年代作为分类标准,这样分类难以了解晋剧各发展时期曾上演过的剧目类型,因此为探索剧目与晋剧发展演变之间的规律带来困难。要解决这一问题,最严谨地做法即为对舞台题壁中有关班社、剧目、上演年代等记载进行统计,通过对各时期剧目题材、内容的分析摸索晋剧的发展规律。但舞台题壁史料极度缺乏,收集困难,本文收集了近40个舞台题壁,大量剧目的来源则通过王永年老艺人口述、刘巨才先生执笔的《晋剧百年史话》以及各地方志、戏曲志的记载。本文对近三十年来晋剧舞台上上演的剧目,包括新编传统戏、改编传统戏、现代戏等进行了统计分析,这项工作是对以往三次剧目统计的补充。为了更透彻地了解剧目与各剧种之间的关系,本文对600多出剧目进行了移植剧目、共有剧目、生僻剧目、昆曲、小戏(稍戏)、晋剧独有剧目、折子戏7个类别的分类,进一步摸索了晋剧剧目的来源与演变。对于晋剧音乐的研究,前人多从传统晋剧的唱腔、乐器演奏等方面进行分析,对于近三十年来的晋剧现代乐队编制和乐队创作研究未曾涉及。本文自晋剧传统音乐设计到当代音乐创作的发展演变进行了大量谱例分析,具体阐述了晋剧传统音乐设计与当代乐队创作在形态、结构上的改革与创新。本文的写作建立于大量的考察采访工作之上,为了达到研究的真实性,即便是已有的史料也需要做进一步的核实,通过考察采访工作笔者得到了许多珍贵的第一手口述史料,在大量的研究工作基础上,形成了本文写作的基本框架。本文在研究中运用了文献学、汉语方言学、田野考察、统计学、戏曲图像学等方法以增强论文写作的客观性与科学性。
[Abstract]:Jinju is one of the representative characteristics of Chinese North opera opera, it has a long history, rich repertoire, unique music, brilliant performance, has been listed as a national intangible cultural heritage. In order to better protect the Jinju art heritage, so as to make sustainable development in recent years, Jinju from all walks of life more attention, drama scholars have done a lot of work, mainly in the drama text research, research topics of performing artists, opera music and so on. For various reasons, Jinju art comprehensive and systematic theoretical research results so far. Jinju art is a kind of performing art, due to historical reasons, the ancient with the modern historical data are scarce, in some related topics such as memoirs, art paper, as the Jinju drama reform, especially the development of modern Jinju orchestra music academic circles. Has not yet concluded. In order to compensate for these missing points Jinju art of study, this paper tries to study Jinju art as the topic, the research systematically and comprehensively, with protection of art heritage in order to Jinju a force. This Jinju production, communication, social classes, repertoire, music, performances, music innovation in the seven chapters, systematic study of Jinju art. Each chapter in our predecessors did not involve the problems deeply mining, to fill the missing. Such as why can the old Jinju transportation under the condition of its provinces, why the decline will continue to stay in the later parts of Hebei and Shanxi provinces and Mongolia blossom? And in other regions but with the merchants together disappeared? These questions of scholars has not yet in-depth thinking, found in exploring the motivation of this spread outside Jinju, Shaanxi Mongolia settled in Tianjin Jin Ju For the northern region were "Jin area". There is a direct relationship between the formation of the new "Jin Qu in the Ming and Qing Dynasties Shanxi immigration, customs and dialect similar is the root cause of Jinju in these areas to take root. In this paper, through a large number of historical data analysis to clarify the formation of the Jin dialect and Shanxi provinces. It plays in for a long time, Jinju class club economic sources less explored scholars, one is lack of historical data, on the other hand, scholars of the social class's economic situation has been ignored for a long time due to a drama troupe, occupation source of funds is? This paper from Taiwan temple square performance hall show, garden hall performances, meeting show four aspects, on social class economic sources were added. About Shansi opera is still not on specific statistics. After Shanxi province drama research The conducted two productions (this) order, Mr. Li Qianguang in 2015 has made the Shansi opera collection work. But the three statistics were to occur in the repertoire of the plot as a classification standard, so it is difficult to understand the drama genre classification of Jinju in different development period has been staged, so difficult to to explore the repertoire with the evolution rule of Jinju. To solve this problem, the most rigorous approach is on the stage of the repertoire of class society, age, staged records statistics, period by the analysis of the content of the play theme, explore the development regularity of Jinju. But the stage wall historical extreme lack of collection this paper collected nearly 40 difficulties, a stage wall, a lot of drama from Wang Yongnian through the old artist oral, Mr. Liu Jucai to write "a hundred years history of Jinju > and local chronicles, records of the opera. On the stage of Jinju nearly thirty years of Traditional Opera repertoire, including a new adaptation of traditional drama, modern drama, and conducted a statistical analysis, this work is complementary to the previous three statistical repertoire. In order to better understand the relationship between drama and drama, this paper transplant repertoire of the more than 600 repertoire. There are rare operas, plays, opera, opera (a play), Jinju unique repertoire, excerpts from the 7 categories of classification, to further explore the sources and evolution of the Shansi opera for Jinju music, from the previous traditional Jinju sing cavity, musical instruments and other aspects of the analysis, for the past thirty years the modern orchestra and band Jinju creation research not involved. From the traditional design to the development of contemporary music as music creation evolution made a lot of examples analysis, elaborated the Jinju traditional music design and contemporary band Writing in the form, the reform and innovation of the structure. This paper based on lots of investigation and interview work, in order to truly achieve the research, even if the existing historical data also need further verification, through the investigation of the interview to get a lot of valuable first-hand oral history, in a large number of basic research work on the formation of the basic framework of the article. This paper studies the use of literature, Chinese dialectology, field investigation, statistics, and other methods to learn opera image to enhance the objectivity and scientific writing.

【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J825

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