康保二人台形成与发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 11:26

本文选题：音乐艺术　切入点：形成　出处：《河北师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：康保二人台是流行在张家口市康保县一带,以张家口坝上方言为语音特点,集民歌、说唱、歌舞、戏曲等艺术元素于一体的原生态民间艺术,它是蒙、汉文艺工作者用汗水浇灌出的一朵具有鲜明地方特色和浓郁生活气息的艺术奇葩。2006年康保二人台获得了国务院公布的首批“全国非物质文化遗产保护名录”的殊荣。笔者认为研究康保二人台艺术具有重要的意义：可以较好地保护张家口的非物质文化遗产；丰富张家口非物质文化遗产的研究方法；提高康保二人台表演的理论与实践水平。文章首先对康保二人台艺术作一概述,然后分析康保二人台形成的缘由,笔者认为它的形成主要得益于当时政治经济的发展以及它独特的地域文化。康保二人台的成长与发展,经历了漫长坎坷的道路。康保二人台的前身——“打坐腔”,雏形——“打玩意儿”,康保二人台历经坎坷、经过二人台艺人的不断努力,进入新世纪,走向了繁荣。康保二人台的唱腔音乐来源于民歌,同时又与坝上方言相结合。康保二人台音乐唱腔自然优美、嘹亮,有着单纯、粗放、质朴、精巧、深沉的特点。二人台艺人们根据自身条件和审美情趣,在基本曲调的基础上创造出了多种行腔方法,形成了自己鲜明的唱腔风格。康保二人台传统的伴奏乐器有笛子、四胡、扬琴、四块瓦、梆子、鼓、锣、镲等。康保二人台音乐发展的过程也是二人台不断吸收、借鉴的过程。在旋律性乐器方面,有条件的地方将大提琴或电子琴吸收到了乐队中。打击乐器方面,成功地借鉴了京剧、晋剧、秧歌等打击乐器同时创造了适合二人台音乐的锣鼓经,大大丰富了二人台小戏的武场效果。建国前的康保二人台剧目主要表现在揭露阶级矛盾,反映劳动人民的悲惨生活,例如《走西口》等。也有歌颂自由爱情、反抗封建礼教内容的,例如《摘花椒》等。也有赞美劳动、热爱生活的剧目,例如《撒荞麦》、《压糕面》等。也有反映现实、记述历史的剧目,例如《水刮张家口》等。张家口解放后,党和政府对二人台艺术非常重视。二人台艺人把戏剧表演中的表演技巧运用到二人台艺术实践中,促进了坝上二人台艺术的发展。二人台乐曲《喜相逢》、《放风筝》、《万年红》、《挂红灯》等,在全国广泛流传,二人台从此蜚声海内。新世纪的康保二人台剧目,随着社会的发展和时代的进步,康保二人台歌剧团克服困难,传承精华,大胆改革,不断创新,创作编排了《父子争权》、《抢财神》、《农家婚事》等优秀的新剧目,为东路二人台的表现形式和内容,注入了新的生机和活力。康保二人台从其诞生至今,已有百余年的历史。随着社会的发展和时代的进步,康保二人台在创新中求生存、求发展。祝愿这朵扎根于农村、散发着浓郁的乡土气息、盛开在文艺百花园中的艺术奇葩,绽放得更加绚丽妖娆、多彩芬芳。
[Abstract]:Kangbao Errentai is a primitive folk art that is popular in Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, with Zhangjiakou Bashang dialect as a phonetic feature, which integrates folk songs, rap, singing, dance, opera and other artistic elements. Han literary and art workers poured out with sweat a distinctive local characteristics and rich flavor of art. In 2006, Kangbao two people Taiwan obtained the first batch of the "National list of Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection" issued by the State Council. The author thinks that it is of great significance to study the art of Kangbao and Errentai: it can better protect Zhangjiakou's intangible cultural heritage; It enriches the research methods of Zhangjiakou's intangible cultural heritage, improves the theory and practice level of Kangbao's two-person stage performance. Firstly, the article gives an overview of the art of Kangbao's two-person stage, and then analyzes the reasons for the formation of Kangbao's two-person stage. The author believes that its formation was mainly due to the development of political economy and its unique regional culture. After a long and bumpy road. The predecessor of Kangbao's two-person station, "sitting down," and its embryonic form, "playing with contraptions", Kangbao's two-person station experienced ups and downs and entered the new century through the constant efforts of the two-person stage entertainers. Towards prosperity. The singing music of Kangbao Errentai comes from folk songs, and at the same time it combines with the Bashang dialect. The singing of Kangbao Errentai music is naturally beautiful, loud and clear, simple, extensive, simple and exquisite. Deep characteristics. According to their own conditions and aesthetic taste, the artists created a variety of line singing methods on the basis of basic tunes, forming their own distinctive singing style. The traditional accompaniment instruments of Kangbao Erren Taiwan are flute, Sihu, Yangqin, four tiles, Bangzi, drums, gongs, cymbals, etc. The process of music development of Kangbao Er-tai is also the process of absorbing and drawing lessons from it. In terms of melodic instruments, Where conditions exist, cello or electronic organ has been absorbed into the band. For percussion instruments, the percussion instruments have succeeded in drawing lessons from percussion instruments such as Peking Opera, Jin Opera, Yangko and other percussion instruments, and have also created a gongs and drums sutras suitable for two people's Taiwan music. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the repertoire of the two men and women mainly manifested themselves in exposing class contradictions and reflecting the miserable life of the working people, such as "Walking the West mouth", and so on. There were also songs of freedom and love. Those who rebelled against the contents of feudal ethics, such as picking Chinese peppers, and so on. There were also plays that praised labor and loved life, such as "sprinkling buckwheat", "pressing cake noodles", and so on. There were also plays that reflected reality and recorded history. After the liberation of Zhang Jiakou, the Party and the government attached great importance to the art of two people's Taiwan. The two people's Taiwan entertainers applied the performing skills of the theatrical performances to the artistic practice of the two people's Taiwan. It has promoted the development of the art of Bashang's two-person stage. The music of the two-person stage, "meet each other with joy," "fly a kite," "Red for ten years," "hanging a red light", and so on, have been widely circulated throughout the country, and since then, the two-person stage has been widely circulated throughout the country. With the development of the society and the progress of the times, the Kangbao and the Taiwan Opera Troupe surmounted difficulties, passed on the essence, boldly reformed and innovated constantly, and created and choreographed excellent new plays, such as "Father and son fighting for Power", "stealing the God of Wealth," "Farmers' Marriage", and so on. It has injected new vitality and vitality into the form and content of the two-person station on Donglu Road. It has been more than 100 years since its birth. With the development of the society and the progress of the times, the two people station has sought to survive in the process of innovation. Wish this flower rooted in the countryside, exuding a strong local flavor, blooming in the arts garden of art, blooming more gorgeous enchanting, colorful fragrance.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J825

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