“戏剧”与“仪式”:“端公戏”考辨

发布时间：2018-04-26 19:12

本文选题：端公 + 端公信仰　；参考：《文化遗产》2016年05期

【摘要】：学界对端公戏的认知存在着很大分歧,主要表现在端公戏是传统戏剧扮演还是仪式演剧的争论上。端公戏源自南宋时期湖北随州地方的端公信仰。端公替代巫师而实施巫仪,最早在明天启年间的湖北出现,后随该信仰在长江流域、黄河流域传播,至清代、民国吸收了其他扮演或表演艺术因素而蔚为大观。它既不是传统戏剧扮演,亦不能用仪式戏剧来衡量。科仪(纯粹的法事)、戏剧化的科仪、科仪与戏剧扮演结合,以及传统戏剧扮演都属于端公仪式的一个环节,它们共同构成完整的端公巫术仪式。而端公戏就是由端公实施的、具备巫傩之祭性质与形式、为了特定目的与服务对象、区别于生活与生产行为、独立于传统表演艺术体系的、特殊的戏剧扮演或表演艺术形态。它属于傩戏剧种之一,在"明河"与"潜流"这一"大戏剧观"下,与傩戏体系下的其他剧种一起,构成了不同于传统表演的艺术体系。
[Abstract]:There are great differences in the cognition of Duan Gong Opera in academic circles, mainly in the debate about whether it is a traditional drama or a ritual play. Duan Gong Drama originated from the Duan Gong belief in Suizhou, Hubei Province during the Southern Song Dynasty. Duangong took the place of witchcraft, first appeared in Hubei in the beginning of tomorrow, and then spread the belief in the Yangtze River and Yellow River Valley. In the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China absorbed other factors of acting or performing art and became a great sight. It is neither traditional drama play nor can be measured by ritual drama. Ke Yi (pure law, dramatized Ke Yi, the combination of Ke Yi and drama play, and traditional drama play all belong to a part of the duangong ceremony, which together constitute the complete dun public witchcraft ceremony. Duan Gong Opera is implemented by Duan Gong, which has the nature and form of Wu Nuo sacrifice, which is different from life and production behavior for specific purposes and service objects, independent of the traditional performing arts system, and special theatrical play or performing art form. It belongs to one of the Nuo opera operas. Under the "Ming River" and "the undercurrent" as the "grand drama view", together with other operas under the Nuo opera system, it constitutes an artistic system different from the traditional performance.
【作者单位】：湖北工程学院文学与新闻传播学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地——中山大学中国非物质文化遗产研究中心重大研究项目“西南傩戏文本的调研与整理”(项目编号:2009JJD850005)研究成果之一
【分类号】：J825

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