尼采与瓦格纳歌剧之争的审美现代性分析

发布时间：2018-05-03 07:02

本文选题：尼采 + 瓦格纳　；参考：《哈尔滨师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：尼采说：“这个世界并不是绕着新的嘈杂声的发明者而旋转的,而是绕着新价值的发明者旋转的。世界无声地旋转。”[1]在他看来,隐藏于纷繁表象中的本质唯有通过艺术才能被人把握。艺术应具有形而上学的意义。而在瓦格纳的歌剧作品中,音乐更多地成为了一种情感宣泄的手段。这就使瓦格纳的音乐作品,同尼采的音乐美学思想形成了一种尖锐的对立。除此之外,在审美现代性的语境中,现代社会被设定为一个旧的价值被颠覆,而新的价值仍未被设定的“中间阶段”。这样一来,艺术的“救赎”就显出了它的迫切性。何谓艺术的“救赎”?在审美现代性的语境中解读这一概念,就是将人从“工具理性”的控制下解放出来。为了达到艺术的“救赎”,瓦格纳用情感的宣泄即衰退的情感来对抗“工具理性”,显然无法达到预期的目的。尼采则用“强力意志”对抗“工具理性”,用情感的“充实”和“提高”对抗现代社会的“颓废”与“麻木”,是艺术的救赎成为了可能。瓦格纳在音乐表现手法的创新上所作出的贡献,固然值得肯定。但在他身上所暴露出的,浪漫主义中晚期音乐创作的种种问题,同样值得我们深思。然而尼采的美学思想,在今天看来依然没有过时。它实际是在商品经济高度发达的现代社会,为我们指引出一条通往“高贵的精神”之路。鉴于尼采的美学体系十分庞大,本文仅以他与瓦格纳的歌剧之争为切入点,努力对他的音乐美学思想做深入细致的分析。
[Abstract]:Nietzsche said, "the world revolves not around the new, noisy inventor, but around the inventor of the new value. The world rotates silently. "[1] in his view, the essence hidden in the numerous images can only be grasped through art. Art should have metaphysical significance. In Wagner's operas, music has become more of a means of emotional catharsis. This created a sharp opposition between Wagner's musical works and Nietzsche's musical aesthetics. In addition, in the context of aesthetic modernity, modern society is set up as an old value is subverted, while the new value is not yet set as the "intermediate stage". In this way, the art of "redemption" shows its urgency. What is the "redemption" of art? To interpret this concept in the context of aesthetic modernity is to liberate people from the control of instrumental rationality. In order to achieve the "redemption" of art, Wagner uses emotional catharsis, that is, declining emotion, to confront "instrumental rationality", which obviously fails to achieve the desired purpose. Nietzsche uses "strong will" to confront "instrumental rationality", "enrichment" and "improvement" of emotion to confront "decadence" and "numbness" in modern society, which is the possibility of art redemption. Wagner's contribution to the innovation of musical expression is certainly worthy of recognition. However, all kinds of problems in Romantic music creation in the middle and late period of romanticism are worth pondering. However, Nietzsche's aesthetic thought is still not out of date today. In fact, it is a way to the noble spirit in the modern society with highly developed commodity economy. In view of Nietzsche's huge aesthetic system, this paper tries to make a thorough and meticulous analysis of his musical aesthetic thought only from the contention between him and Wagner's opera.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J832

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