从框架迁移角度分析赵本山喜剧小品中的言语幽默

发布时间：2018-05-08 05:12

本文选题：赵本山 + 喜剧小品　；参考：《湖南大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：喜剧小品是当今文艺舞台上喜闻乐见的艺术形式,它是一门表演艺术,也是一门语言艺术。它以其诙谐的表现手法,生动的语言表达,风靡当代中国艺坛,成为最受中国老百姓欢迎的艺术形式。赵本山小品崛起于中国东北,具有浓郁的地方特色,迅速红遍大江南北。自1990年其作品《相亲》首次登上央视舞台开始,其独特的表演方式,娴熟的表演技巧,加上机智诙谐的艺术语言使得其魅力一直不减,至今已经连续十四年蝉联春晚小品王的桂冠。赵本山小品获得成功的因素有很多,本文的重心则在于其中的言语幽默。本文以赵本山历年来的春晚小品语言为素材,采取实例与理论分析相结合的研究方法,通过文献分析,语料分析,理论对比分析等研究手段,旨在通过“框架迁移”这一理论来寻找隐藏在笑声背后的语言规律以及人类的认知机制,并试图找出引发框架迁移的触发器。从本质上来讲,框架迁移属于一种概念修正。它形象地反映了将现存信息在新的框架中进行重组之后,对语义进行重析的操作过程。在小品欣赏过程中,听话人在理解话语的过程中发现原有期待与现实相冲突,因而不得不做一定的心理调节,从一种理解方式过渡到另一种理解方式,Coulson称之为语义跃迁(Coulson, 2001)。从而在听话人心理产生一种“新的发现”,引发有错就改的花园路径式的效果以及顿悟式的快意。框架迁移理论强调语言理解的动态性,而这一点也正是小品中幽默效果产生的关键所在,因而能够为小品的研究提供很好的理论依据。本文拟从词语和语篇两个角度寻找引起框架迁移的触发器。对词语触发器的研究主要是从微观方面出发,根据词语的歧义性,含糊性,和概括性三个特征分别进行论述;语篇则更多地强调小品语言中的宏观方面---语境。语篇触发器包括语言语境,情景语境和文化语境三个方面。从框架迁移的角度来研究小品可以算得上是一种新的尝试,在一定程度上能够启发小品创作者们以一种全新的视角来研究喜剧小品,从而创造出更多更好的经典作品。此外,它也能为那些对中国喜剧小品感兴趣的外国朋友们搭建一座了解中国文化的桥梁。
[Abstract]:Comedy sketch is a popular art form on the stage of literature and art. It is a performing art as well as a language art. With its witty expression and vivid expression, it has become the most popular art form in contemporary Chinese art world. Zhao Benshan skits rose in northeast China, with strong local characteristics, quickly red across the river north and south. Since 1990, when his work "dating" first appeared on the stage of CCTV, its unique performance style, skillful performance skills and witty artistic language have made its charm undiminished. So far has been 14 consecutive years of the Spring Festival Gala King's crown. There are many factors for Zhao Benshan's success, the focus of this paper is the verbal humor. This article takes Zhao Benshan's Spring Festival Gala as the material, adopts the research method which combines the example and the theory analysis, through the literature analysis, the corpus analysis, the theory contrast analysis and so on research means. Through the theory of "frame transfer", this paper tries to find out the language rules hidden behind laughter and human cognitive mechanism, and tries to find out the trigger that triggers the frame transfer. Essentially, frame migration is a conceptual revision. It vividly reflects the process of semantic reanalysis after reorganizing existing information in a new framework. In the process of appreciating the sketch, the hearer finds that the original expectation conflicts with the reality in the process of understanding the discourse, so he has to make a certain psychological adjustment, from one way of understanding to another way of understanding. Coulson calls it the semantic transition Coulson.2001. Thus, a kind of "new discovery" is produced in the hearer's psychology, which leads to the garden path effect and the epiphany pleasure. The frame transfer theory emphasizes the dynamic nature of language understanding, which is the key to the humor effect in the sketch, so it can provide a good theoretical basis for the study of the short passage. This paper attempts to look for triggers that lead to frame transfer from the perspective of words and texts. The study of lexical triggers is mainly from the micro aspect, according to the ambiguity, vagueness, and generality of the words, and the text emphasizes the macro aspect of the small language-context. Discourse triggers include linguistic context, situational context and cultural context. It is a new attempt to study the sketch from the angle of frame transfer. To some extent, it can inspire the creators to study comedy sketch from a new perspective, thus creating more and better classic works. It can also build a bridge for foreign friends interested in Chinese comedy sketches.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J827;H13

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