保定老调的发展脉络探究

发布时间：2018-07-17 17:36

【摘要】：老调,又名老调梆子,是河北省历史较为悠久的地方戏曲剧种之一。它的曲调质朴健朗、高亢清婉,富有浓郁的乡土气息和地方特色。河北省中部的保定地区是老调的发祥地。老调的形成和发展大体可划分为三个阶段:第一个阶段是老调的萌芽和形成时期(明末清初);第二个阶段是老调的发展时期(自乾隆末叶至民国二十八年1790——1939);第三个时期是老调的衰落和新兴时期(“七七事变后至今)。老调的艺术特点按照地理位置分为东路老调和西路老调。东路老调的代表人物是周福才,主要剧目有《调寇》、《临潼山》、《斩黄袍》;西路老调的代表人物是肖宽玉,主要剧目有《下河东》、《太平城》。老调的语言简洁、明快、形象、生动,它往往能抓住事物本质进行概括,这种语言的表达方式,最能表达群众的思想感情。老调的行当分为:生、旦、净、丑。老调的唱腔质朴激越,叙述性强,结构形式属于板腔体。基本曲调是由结构相似、结音相同的上下句组成。它有男女分腔的传统,具有一系列适于人物感情变化的板式。文场的主奏乐器是板胡。辅之以笛子、笙以及二胡、三弦;武场的主要乐器有鼓板、大锣、铙钹、小锣、枣木梆子。保定老调具有悠久的历史和很高的艺术价值,保护、传承和发展老调艺术,已经到了刻不容缓的时刻。2006年,保定老调被列入首批河北省非物质文化遗产名录,并正在积极申报国家非物质文化遗产名录。我们了解老调剧种的发展历史及艺术风格,目的在于认识和总结它的艺术发展规律,在新的历史时期继续促进老调的革新和发展,使之适应时代的要求,更好的为人民大众、社会主义服务,使老调成为戏曲百花园中一株永远盛开、别具芬芳的艺术奇葩。
[Abstract]:Old tune, also known as Old tune Bangzi, Hebei Province has a relatively long history of local opera drama. Its melody is simple and healthy, high clear and euphemism, rich in local flavor and local characteristics. Baoding area in the middle of Hebei Province is the birthplace of the old tune. The formation and development of the old tune can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage is the germination and formation period of the old tune (late Ming and early Qing Dynasty); the second stage is the development period of the old tune (from the end of Qianlong to 1790 years of the Republic of China). The third period was the decline and emerging period of the old tune (since the July 7th incident). The artistic features of the old tune are divided into the old tune of the East Road and the old tune of the West Road according to their geographical position. Zhou Fucai is the representative figure in the old tune of the East Road, the main repertoire is "Tiao Fu Cai", "Lintong Mountain", "Chuan Huang Pao", and the representative figure in the old tune of the West Road is Xiao Kuanyu, whose main repertoire is "Xihedong", "Taiping City". The old-fashioned language is concise, lively, vivid and vivid, it can often grasp the essence of things to generalize, this way of expression, the best way to express the masses' thoughts and feelings. The old line of business is divided into: born, denier, net, ugly. The old tune singing simple agitated, narrative strong, structural form belongs to the board cavity. The basic tune is composed of two sentences with similar structure and the same conclusion. It has a male-female tradition, with a series of characters suitable for emotional changes in the plate. The main instrument of Wenchang is Banhu. The main instruments of Wuchang are drum board, big gong, cymbals, small gong, jujube wood Bangzi. Baoding's old tune has a long history and high artistic value. It has reached an urgent time to protect, inherit and develop the old-fashioned art. In 2006, Baoding's old tune was listed as the first batch of intangible cultural heritage in Hebei Province. And is actively declaring the national intangible cultural heritage list. We understand the development history and artistic style of the opera in the old tune, the purpose of which is to understand and summarize its law of artistic development, to continue to promote the innovation and development of the old tune in the new historical period, to adapt it to the requirements of the times, and to better serve the masses of the people. Socialist service, so that the old tune into a hundred gardens of opera, an everlasting bloom, unique fragrance of the arts.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：J825

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