常德地区戏曲类“非遗”保护与传承研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 11:07
【摘要】：人们一般认为,常德地区戏曲在元朝晚期就出现了。数百年来境内先后产生了常德汉剧、荆河戏、花鼓戏、花灯戏等声腔剧种,也产生了傩戏、皮影戏、木偶戏等特殊戏剧。清朝至民国初期,常德地区各戏曲声腔及特殊戏剧演出市场繁荣,剧目增多,演出人数增多,班社规模增大。常德地区的戏曲进入鼎盛时期。但自民国十年至1949年之前,由于战争频仍,常德地区的戏曲进入了衰落。1949年以后,由于政府的重视,常德地区的戏曲在较大程度上得到了恢复。“文革”十年,无论城乡,戏曲的发展均受到较大的冲击。进入1980年代以后,戏曲又有过十几年的繁荣发展。但自1990年代末期以来,一些地区的戏剧戏曲出现了濒危局面。这主要体现在戏剧院团管理体制落后,演出环境恶劣,演员出现断层,后备力量、戏剧团体定位尴尬、以及演出市场混乱等。究其原因,随着时代的发展,传统戏曲受到了城镇化以及文化多元化的冲击,使其原有的文化空间受到破坏;以及在全球化的大背景下,人们缺乏对本土文化的自信心;当然从戏曲本身来讲,它的本体性特征的一些不足也是导致其衰落的重要原因。地方戏曲是地方文化的重要组成部分,具有重要的艺术价值、文化价值和史料价值,我们应积极对其进行抢救和保护。为更好的传承与发展常德地区的戏曲类“非遗”,我们应该集各方所力,发其所长。政府部门要做好指导性工作,并提供政策以及资金的支持,如创建戏曲博物馆、戏曲数字化博物馆等;商界发挥其资金优势,对其进行商业化以及产业化的开发;学界作为理论的先行者,从理论的高度为常德地区戏曲类“非遗”保驾护航,提供科学可行的建议;而新闻媒体更应该发挥其舆论的力量,为常德地区戏曲类“非遗”的保护与传承提供良好的社会环境。当然,最重要的还是需要戏曲传承人以及传承群体的集体努力。
[Abstract]:It is generally believed that the Changde area opera appeared in the late Yuan Dynasty. Over the past several hundred years, Changde Han Opera, Jinghe Opera, Flower Drum Opera, Lantern Drama and other special plays, such as Nuo opera, shadow play, puppet show, etc. From the Qing Dynasty to the early period of the Republic of China, the performance market of various operas and special plays in Changde area was prosperous, with the increase of repertoire, the number of performers and the scale of class society. The opera in Changde area entered the peak period. However, from the Republic of China to 1949, because of the frequent wars, the opera in Changde area declined. After 1949, because of the government's attention, the opera in Changde area was restored to a large extent. In the ten years of the Cultural Revolution, the development of opera was greatly impacted, both in urban and rural areas. After entering the 1980 s, opera has been prosperous and developed for more than ten years. But since the late 1990 s, dramatic operas in some regions have become endangered. This is mainly reflected in the backward management system of theatrical troupes, poor performance environment, faults of actors, reserve forces, awkward positioning of theatrical groups, and confusion in the performance market, and so on. The reason is that, with the development of the times, traditional opera has been impacted by urbanization and cultural pluralism, which has destroyed its original cultural space, and people lack confidence in local culture under the background of globalization. Of course, from the opera itself, its Noumenon characteristics of some deficiencies are also leading to its decline. As an important part of local culture, local opera has important artistic value, cultural value and historical value, so we should actively rescue and protect it. In order to inherit and develop the traditional opera in Changde area, we should concentrate our efforts and develop its advantages. Government departments should do a good job of guiding work, and provide policy and financial support, such as the establishment of opera museum, opera digital museum, etc. As the forerunner of theory, the academic circles, from the height of theory, escort the "non-posthumous" opera of Changde region, and provide scientific and feasible advice; and the news media should give full play to the power of public opinion. It provides a good social environment for the protection and inheritance of the opera in Changde region. Of course, the most important thing is to inherit the opera and the collective efforts of the community.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J892
本文编号：2135328
[Abstract]:It is generally believed that the Changde area opera appeared in the late Yuan Dynasty. Over the past several hundred years, Changde Han Opera, Jinghe Opera, Flower Drum Opera, Lantern Drama and other special plays, such as Nuo opera, shadow play, puppet show, etc. From the Qing Dynasty to the early period of the Republic of China, the performance market of various operas and special plays in Changde area was prosperous, with the increase of repertoire, the number of performers and the scale of class society. The opera in Changde area entered the peak period. However, from the Republic of China to 1949, because of the frequent wars, the opera in Changde area declined. After 1949, because of the government's attention, the opera in Changde area was restored to a large extent. In the ten years of the Cultural Revolution, the development of opera was greatly impacted, both in urban and rural areas. After entering the 1980 s, opera has been prosperous and developed for more than ten years. But since the late 1990 s, dramatic operas in some regions have become endangered. This is mainly reflected in the backward management system of theatrical troupes, poor performance environment, faults of actors, reserve forces, awkward positioning of theatrical groups, and confusion in the performance market, and so on. The reason is that, with the development of the times, traditional opera has been impacted by urbanization and cultural pluralism, which has destroyed its original cultural space, and people lack confidence in local culture under the background of globalization. Of course, from the opera itself, its Noumenon characteristics of some deficiencies are also leading to its decline. As an important part of local culture, local opera has important artistic value, cultural value and historical value, so we should actively rescue and protect it. In order to inherit and develop the traditional opera in Changde area, we should concentrate our efforts and develop its advantages. Government departments should do a good job of guiding work, and provide policy and financial support, such as the establishment of opera museum, opera digital museum, etc. As the forerunner of theory, the academic circles, from the height of theory, escort the "non-posthumous" opera of Changde region, and provide scientific and feasible advice; and the news media should give full play to the power of public opinion. It provides a good social environment for the protection and inheritance of the opera in Changde region. Of course, the most important thing is to inherit the opera and the collective efforts of the community.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J892
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