算术、语文学与犯罪的“滑稽剧”——从维特根斯坦后期哲学看尤奈斯库的荒诞剧《上课》

发布时间：2019-08-20 08:58

【摘要】：尤奈斯库戏剧《上课》既充满暴力色彩和荒诞意味,又极具语言哲学意蕴,但通常阐释偏重前者,将其视为对强权统治及其非理性机制的嘲讽和批判,却往往忽略其中独特而深刻的语言哲学内涵。对后者的考察可与维特根斯坦后期哲学形成意味深长的对应。维特根斯坦后期哲学中有关语言的意义和用法、数学逻辑与经验事实、"疼痛"的语法、"实指定义"与"交流呼告"等方面的论述,有助于深入解析《上课》中失败的"语言习得"过程,进而有效地阐释该剧中"算术导向语文学"、"语文学导向犯罪"的离奇逻辑命题。在这部关于犯罪的"滑稽剧"中,算术和语文学授课的荒诞过程和血腥结局,在语言哲学层面凸显了维特根斯坦后期哲学所警示的诸种思维陷阱,并揭示出在权力政治的表层关系之下,隐藏在语言和思维等方面的深层冲突机制。
[Abstract]:Yunescu's play "class" is full of violence and absurd meaning, but also has great linguistic philosophical implication, but usually emphasizes the former, regards it as a mockery and criticism of the rule of power and its irrational mechanism, but often ignores the unique and profound connotation of linguistic philosophy. The study of the latter can correspond to the formation of Weitgenstein's philosophy in his later period. The discussion on the meaning and usage of language, mathematical logic and empirical facts, the grammar of "pain", the definition of "real meaning" and "communication and call" in Weitgenstein's later philosophy is helpful to analyze the process of "language acquisition" which failed in class, and then to effectively explain the strange logical propositions of "arithmetic-oriented literature" and "literature-oriented crime" in the play. In this farce about crime, the absurd process and bloody ending of arithmetic and literature teaching highlight the various thinking pitfalls warned by Weitgenstein's later philosophy in the aspect of language philosophy, and reveal the deep conflict mechanism hidden in language and thinking under the surface relationship of power politics.
【作者单位】：武汉大学文学院;武汉大学外国语言文学学院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金第52批面上资助项目(2012M521455)
【分类号】：J805

【参考文献】