古琴文化中的和合思想研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 21:30

本文关键词： 古琴文化和合思想天人合一　出处：《苏州科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国的古琴被称为“国琴”或者“国琴之王”,这与古琴所承载的悠久历史、制作工艺、琴体构造、琴名含义、音色特点、弹奏方法、曲谱内容,以及琴人的风骨息息相关。琴之音色的具有空灵之感,作为中国文人寄托神思的道器,在众多独奏乐器中,唯独形成了自身的理论体系,并传承至今。和是中国传统艺术美学思想的核心与主脉。和合思想就是古琴文化中的主要指导思想和审美原则。“琴”和“和”的字源古琴的音色、音高、音长、音强的物理声学分析和中国本土的儒道两家的早期乐论,是古琴文化中和合思想形成的缘由。在古琴艺术中,古琴形制暗合阴阳之道,在选材斫制的过程当中讲究阴阳调和。古人根据五音的特性将五音与四时五方相结合,贯彻了律历融通的观念。琴艺上指法和技法的“声韵并茂”实现了虚实相生,轻重缓急的节奏达到了刚柔相济。在山林水云间融情入景,于花木禽鸟上寄托情怀,天地于我合一,万物于我同化是中国人自古以来追求的和合之境。汉字的拆解重组成琴谱,是古琴独有的记谱系统;传承有序的地域流派,展示出和合文化在中原大地上的丰富性。古琴文化中的和合思想特征主要有天人合一的统一性和局限性,道器不二的整体性和倾向性,雅乐郑声的矛盾性和融合性,都在古琴文化中和合思想内容当中有所体现。律历融通古人天人合一宇宙观的一部分,尽管对于稳定社会秩序建立大一统的民族架构有所帮助,但也束缚了人们的思想,限制了音乐美学的发展;古琴作为乐教的工具,是道器不二的音乐载体,但也走向了重道轻器的历史方向。雅乐郑声作为中与外、古与今的代表,是不同地域、不同时空的文化互相碰撞又融入转生的音乐代表。古琴文化中的和合思想始终随着历史长流发展变化,对于当今社会依然具有现实意义。古琴中和的音色美学和科学的演奏方式,能够帮助调节人体内在的身心系统;古琴可以与歌声相配,与其他乐器相和,可以成为人与人之间情感交流的工具,促进人际关系的和睦;在尊重科学、关注生态的当下,需要良好环境和万物灵性的古琴文化中更指导人类遵循客观的自然规律,保护身边的自然环境,实现真正的天人合一。
[Abstract]:The Guqin in China is called "Guoqin" or "King of Guoqin", which is related to the long history of Guqin, its making technology, its structure, its meaning, its timbre, its methods of playing, and the content of its composition. The timbre of the piano has a sense of emptiness, as the Taoist instrument for the Chinese literati, among the many solo instruments, it has only formed its own theoretical system. Harmony is the core and main vein of Chinese traditional aesthetic thought of art. The thought of harmony is the main guiding ideology and aesthetic principle in Guqin culture. The timbre, pitch and length of Guqin, the character source of "Qin" and "he", are the main guiding ideology and aesthetic principle in Guqin culture. The physical acoustics analysis of strong tone and the early music theory of Confucianism and Taoism in China are the reasons for the formation of harmony thought in Guqin culture. In the art of Guqin, Guqin forms the way of yin and yang. The ancients combined the five notes with the four seasons and five sides according to the characteristics of the five sounds, and carried out the concept of harmony of the law and calendar. The "sound and rhyme and prosperity" of the fingering method and technique in the piano art realized the existence of the void and the reality. In the mountains, forests, water, clouds, feelings into the scene, in flowers and birds on the feelings, heaven and earth in my unity, all things in my assimilation is the Chinese people since ancient times to pursue the harmony of the territory. The dismantling of the Chinese characters into the music, composition, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, and music. It is a unique recording system of Guqin, and inherits an orderly regional school, showing the richness of harmony culture in the Central Plains. The characteristics of harmony in Guqin culture have the unity and limitation of the unity of nature and man. The integrity and tendency of Dao and the contradiction and integration of elegant music and Zheng Sheng are reflected in the content of harmony in the ancient Qin culture. The law integrates part of the ancient world view of the unity of nature and man. Although it helps to stabilize the social order and establish a unified national structure, it also restrains people's thinking and limits the development of musical aesthetics. As a tool of music education, Guqin is a musical carrier of Tao and Tao. However, it also moved towards the historical direction of emphasizing roads and light vessels. As a representative of China and the outside, ancient and present, Yale Zheng Sheng is a different region. Culture of different time and space collides with each other and melts into reincarnated music representative. The thought of harmony in Guqin culture has always developed and changed along with the long course of history. The timbre aesthetics and scientific playing method of Guqin can help to regulate the inner body and mind system of human body. Guqin can match the song and other musical instruments. It can become a tool of emotional communication between people and promote the harmony of interpersonal relations. In the present time of respecting science and paying attention to the ecology, the Guqin culture, which requires a good environment and the spirituality of all things, can guide human beings to follow the objective natural laws. Protect the natural environment around us and realize the unity of nature and man.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B21;J632.31

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