从量变到质变的“有机成长”——音乐作品结构中的规模等级

发布时间：2018-06-19 12:16

本文选题：句法结构 + 曲式等级　；参考：《星海音乐学院学报》2016年04期

【摘要】：在曲式分析当中,人们最常遇到的问题就是对作品规模等级分析的困惑,不是将乐句划分短了,就是把乐段划分长了,由此导致认定曲式性质的各种"争议"。在教学中更有依据"小节数"来判定乐句、乐段,这显然是特别不合理的作法。文章的观点是:乐句乐段的确认,应当从最小单位"乐汇"的累积形成,也就是要以音乐材料的"有机成长"关系来看待曲式规模的成长壮大,曲式规模的大小是由规模等级的累积形成,而不能是人为的概念规定,因而在读谱过程中,音响感受与理性划分等级相互作用、同等重要。文章指出,在规范曲式的等级单位中,乐汇-乐节-乐句-乐段的等级排列,决定了曲式的规模形成。其最小单位乐汇与动机间的关系,既是音乐作品展开手法的依据,也是看待音乐作品规模认定的出发点。同时,论文以各种谱例来比较印证曲式规模形成的重要作用,强调一些分析原则:重复不增加规模,重视和声手法中"延伸""预示"等分析视角,在判定规范的曲式规模及其种种曲式变体的形式中,都是有效的认识途径。
[Abstract]:In the analysis of musical form, the most common problem that people encounter is the confusion of the scale analysis of the work. Either the phrase is short or the section is long, which leads to various "controversies" that determine the nature of the form. In teaching, it is obviously unreasonable to judge the phrase and paragraph on the basis of "bar number". The point of view of the article is that the confirmation of the phrase should be formed from the accumulation of the smallest unit "Yue Hui", that is, the growth and growth of the scale of the form should be viewed by the "organic growth" relationship of the music material. The scale of the form is formed by the accumulation of the scale grade, but cannot be defined by the artificial concept. Therefore, in the process of reading the spectrum, the interaction between sound perception and rational classification is equally important. It is pointed out that the scale of musical form is determined by the rank arrangement of Yue Hui, Yue Jie, Yue sentence and paragraph in the grade unit of standardized form. The relationship between the minimum unit music collection and the motivation is not only the basis of the music works expansion, but also the starting point of the scale determination of the music works. At the same time, the paper uses various spectral examples to compare the important role of the formation of the scale of the form, emphasizing some analytical principles: repetition does not increase the scale, pay attention to the "extended" and "foreshadowing" in harmony techniques, and so on. It is an effective way to judge the scale of the standard form and its variety.
【作者单位】：中央音乐学院作曲系;
【分类号】：J614.3

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