小号演奏中的生理、心理机制初探

发布时间：2019-05-08 04:03

【摘要】：小号属于高音铜管乐器,在管乐器中有着重要地位。它通常作为主要乐器出现在交响乐队、管乐队、爵士乐队、轻音音乐队以及铜管重奏中。在铜管乐器中,小号演奏是大家公认的具有较大难度的乐器之一。并且,在交响乐队、管乐队等团体中多担任核心声部和独奏领奏声部,因此演奏压力较大。由于小号演奏对于呼吸、面部肌肉的使用、以及嘴型等都有较高的要求。因此,与其他铜管乐器相比,小号演奏更容易出现较多的技术问题及心理负担,从而影响演奏水平的正常发挥。近年来,随着科学研究技术的飞速发展,音乐心理学研究逐渐引入认知心理学、物理学、医学、解剖学以及脑科学的研究方法和成果,使其更有助于人们对音乐实践活动中生理、心理机制的深度认知。从而能够更细致、更科学、更人性化的发挥演奏技能。本文从心理学、生理学的角度出发,探究小号演奏的生理、心理机制,有利于提高小号演奏者的身体机能；丰富和发展小号及其他铜管乐器演奏及教学的方法论；为小号及铜管乐器演奏教育更为科学化的开展和普及提供思考与借鉴。本论文共分五章。第一章分析了小号的形制与发展；第二章详细地阐述了小号演奏中的呼吸原理及运动机制；第三章论述了小号演奏中的面部肌肉的运动机制：第四章详细地分析了小号演奏紧张状态下的心理机制；第五章总结了小号演奏的科学化训练进行了思考与探索。
[Abstract]:The trumpet belongs to the high-pitched brass wind instrument, which plays an important role in the wind instrument. It usually appears as a major instrument in symphonies, orchestras, jazz bands, musicals, and brass ensembles. Among brass instruments, trumpet playing is recognized as one of the more difficult instruments. And, in the symphony orchestra, orchestra and other groups as the core part and solo lead, so the pressure to play. Since trumpet playing has higher requirements for breathing, facial muscle use, and mouth shape. Therefore, compared with other brass instruments, trumpet playing is more likely to have more technical problems and psychological burden, thus affecting the normal performance of the performance level. In recent years, with the rapid development of scientific research technology, music psychology research gradually introduced cognitive psychology, physics, medicine, anatomy and brain science research methods and achievements. Make it more helpful to people's deep cognition of physiological and psychological mechanism in music practice. Thus can be more meticulous, more scientific, more humanized play skills. From the angle of psychology and physiology, this paper probes into the physiological and psychological mechanism of trumpet playing, which is helpful to improve the body function of trumpet players, enrich and develop the methodology of trumpet and other brass instruments playing and teaching. For the trumpet and brass instrument playing education more scientific development and popularization to provide thinking and reference. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter analyzes the form and development of trumpet, the second chapter elaborates the breathing principle and movement mechanism of trumpet playing in detail. The third chapter discusses the movement mechanism of facial muscles in trumpet playing: the fourth chapter analyzes the psychological mechanism of trumpet playing in tense state; the fifth chapter summarizes the scientific training of trumpet playing.
【学位授予单位】：上海音乐学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J621.6

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