北京市某社区40岁以上人群COPD患病率及漏诊情况调查

发布时间：2018-01-14 00:01

本文关键词：北京市某社区40岁以上人群COPD患病率及漏诊情况调查　出处：《新乡医学院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景和目的近年来慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)发病率呈逐年增高的趋势,吸烟、空气污染、职业粉尘接触是导致COPD的主要危险因素。COPD早期及时诊断对COPD的及时治疗及愈后尤为重要,但实际中,多数COPD患者是在出现明显临床症状后才得以诊断,此时多数患者的肺功能已明显受损,为其临床治疗带来很大困难。COPD早期诊断困难,漏诊率高,一直是影响其愈后的难题。为了解北京地区40岁以上人群COPD的患病率、漏诊率及影响COPD患病及漏诊的因素而展开本调查。方法选择北京市怀柔区桥梓镇铁路社区40岁以上户籍人口作为观察对象,通过问卷调查及肺功能测定确定COPD患病率及漏诊率,同时分析不同因素对COPD患病率及漏诊率的影响。结果该社区40岁以上户籍人口629人,601人参加居委会组织的体检,最终纳入本研究的观察者525人。结果显示75例被诊断为COPD,COPD患病率为14.29%,其中中度以上患者占85.33%;COPD的漏诊率为30.67%。COPD患病与下列因素有关:性别、吸烟史、童年呼吸系统病史;年龄对于COPD的患病无明显影响;女性、受教育程度低、不吸烟、年龄较小者更容易被漏诊。结论北京市怀柔区桥梓镇铁路社区40岁以上人群中COPD患病率为14.29%,COPD的漏诊率约为30.67%。男性、吸烟史、童年呼吸系统病史更容易发展为COPD,年龄对于COPD的发病无明显作用。女性、受教育程度低、不吸烟、年龄较小者更容易被漏诊。
[Abstract]:Background and objective in recent years, the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increasing year by year, smoking and air pollution. Occupational dust exposure is the main risk factor leading to COPD. Early and timely diagnosis of COPD is particularly important for timely treatment and recovery of COPD, but in practice. Most of the COPD patients were diagnosed only after the obvious clinical symptoms. At this time, the pulmonary function of most patients has been obviously damaged, which brings great difficulties to their clinical treatment. The early diagnosis of COPD is difficult, and the rate of missed diagnosis is high. In order to understand the prevalence of COPD in the population over 40 years of age in Beijing. The rate of missed diagnosis and the factors affecting the prevalence and missed diagnosis of COPD were investigated. Methods the population over 40 years of age in railway community of Qiaozi Town Huairou District Beijing was selected as the object of observation. The prevalence rate and missed diagnosis rate of COPD were determined by questionnaire and lung function test. At the same time, the influence of different factors on the prevalence and missed diagnosis rate of COPD was analyzed. Results 629 residents over 40 years old in this community were registered. A total of 601 people took part in the physical examination organized by the residents' committee, and finally, 525 observers were enrolled in this study. The results showed that the prevalence of COPD was 14.29% in 75 patients diagnosed as COPDD. More than moderate patients accounted for 85.33; The missed diagnosis rate of COPD was 30.67. The prevalence of COPD was related to the following factors: sex, history of smoking, history of childhood respiratory system; Age had no significant effect on the prevalence of COPD. Women with low education, no smoking and younger age were more likely to miss diagnosis. Conclusion the prevalence rate of COPD in railway community of Qiaozi Town, Huairou District, Beijing is 14.29%. The missed diagnosis rate of COPD is about 30.67. Male, smoking history, childhood respiratory history is easier to develop into COPD, age has no obvious effect on the onset of COPD. Female, low education level. Those who do not smoke are more likely to be missed.
【学位授予单位】：新乡医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R563.9

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