儿童呼吸道异物的影像学检查及诊断

发布时间：2018-02-08 12:13

本文关键词： 呼吸道异物儿童影像学　出处：《实用医学杂志》2017年13期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的评价各种影像学检查方法在诊断儿童呼吸道异物方面的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析经支气管镜检查确诊为呼吸道异物的218例儿童患者的临床及影像学检查资料。结果确诊呼吸道异物218例,其中男140例,女78例。年龄6个月~12岁,平均19.2个月。全部病例均行常规胸部正位、喉气道侧位照片和透视检查。34例行64排螺旋CT检查。异物位于喉、声门下29例,气管55例,支气管134例(右侧79例,左侧55例)。按照异物的性质分类:金属异物5例,骨块29例,花生93例,瓜子59例,果蔬类22例,其他10例。34例显示异物的直接征象,177例仅显示间接征象。34例CT诊断可以直接显示支气管异物,诊断符合率100%。结论 X线照片及透视是儿童呼吸道异物的首选检查方法,CT检查为常规检查阴性儿童的重要补充手段。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the clinical application of various imaging methods in the diagnosis of respiratory foreign bodies in children. Methods the clinical and imaging findings of 218 children with respiratory foreign bodies diagnosed by bronchoscopy were retrospectively analyzed. Results 218 cases of respiratory foreign bodies were diagnosed. There were 140 males and 78 females, aged from 6 months to 12 years old, with an average of 19.2 months. All the patients underwent routine chest position, laryngotracheal lateral radiography and fluoroscopy. 64-slice spiral CT was performed in 34 cases. The foreign bodies were located in the larynx, 29 under the glottoma and 55 under the trachea. According to the nature of foreign bodies, there were 5 cases of metal foreign bodies, 29 cases of bone mass, 93 cases of peanuts, 59 cases of melon seeds, 22 cases of fruits and vegetables, 134 cases of bronchus (79 cases of right side, 55 cases of left side). Other 10 cases. 34 cases showed direct signs of foreign bodies 177 cases only showed indirect signs. 34 cases of CT diagnosis can directly display foreign bodies in the bronchus. Conclusion X-ray photography and fluoroscopy are the first choice for children with foreign body in respiratory tract. Ct examination is an important supplementary method for routine examination of negative children.
【作者单位】：广州市妇女儿童医疗中心影像中心;
【分类号】：R768.13

【参考文献】