一起未严格隔离造成的肺结核持续暴发疫情调查

发布时间：2018-03-03 14:29

本文选题：肺结核　切入点：暴发　出处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解某部肺结核暴发疫情原因,指导新训部队防控呼吸道传染病疫情工作。方法以2012年12月-2014年7月新发肺结核病例为研究组,设部分健康新兵为对照组,采用现场调查、查阅临床资料、隐瞒身份面访、异地电话询问等方法收集疫情资料,分析发病情况、流性特征和疫情暴发原因;采用SPSS17.0统计软件进行统计学分析。结果陆续新发肺结核病例47人,罹患率11.60%,其中干部5名,罹患率1.23%;士兵42名,罹患率10.37%;所有患者中结核性胸膜炎15例,占31.91%,空洞型肺结核4例,占8.51%,侵润型肺结核28例,占59.57%。结论该部在肺结核暴发疫情过程中由于首发病例发现不及时,对早期确诊病例未引起足够的重视,继发病例在医院治疗期间与其他患者接触,医院感染控制措施不力;未及时对传染源采取管理和排查密切接触者,隔离、消毒、人员管控等措施也达不到要求,致使疫情再次扩散;另外,该单位对疫情发展认识不足,错失了疫情控制的有利时机,对长潜伏期传染病疾病监测难度大,对该单位报告数据不敏感等综合原因也导致疫情长时间发展;新训机构在以后卫生防病工作中应从加强传染病监测、严格疫情报告制度、专科医院规范治疗等方面扎实做好工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the causes of pulmonary tuberculosis outbreak in a department and to guide the new training troops in the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases. Methods the new pulmonary tuberculosis cases from December 2012 to July 2014 were taken as the study group and some healthy recruits as the control group. To collect the information of epidemic situation by consulting clinical data, hiding identity interview, telephone inquiry and so on, to analyze the incidence, the characteristics of flow and the cause of outbreak. SPSS17.0 statistical software was used to carry out statistical analysis. Results 47 new TB cases were reported one after another, the attack rate was 11.600.There were 5 cadres with an attack rate of 1.23; 42 soldiers with an attack rate of 10.37; and 15 patients with tuberculous pleurisy. There were 4 cases of cavity type pulmonary tuberculosis (8.51%), 28 cases of invading type pulmonary tuberculosis (59.57%). Conclusion due to the untimely discovery of the first case in the course of the outbreak of pulmonary tuberculosis, insufficient attention has been paid to the early diagnosis of the disease. Secondary cases contact with other patients during hospital treatment, and the measures to control nosocomial infection are not effective; measures such as timely management of the source of infection and close contacts, isolation, disinfection, and personnel control also fail to meet the requirements. It caused the epidemic to spread again; in addition, the unit did not have enough understanding of the development of the epidemic situation, missed the favorable opportunity for the control of the epidemic situation, and had great difficulty in monitoring diseases of infectious diseases with a long incubation period. Comprehensive reasons, such as insensitivity to the data reported by the unit, have also led to the long-term development of the epidemic situation. In the future, the new training institutions should strengthen the surveillance of infectious diseases and strictly enforce the reporting system for the epidemic. Specialist hospitals to standardize treatment and other aspects of solid work.
【作者单位】：空军疾病预防控制中心;解放军95880部队;空军总医院;解放军93279部队医院;
【分类号】：R521;R181.3

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