一起肺炎支原体感染暴发疫情的流行病学调查分析

发布时间：2018-03-15 21:54

本文选题：肺炎支原体　切入点：感染　出处：《军事医学》2014年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查分析某部发生的一起肺炎支原体感染暴发疫情的流行特征和防控效果,提出进一步防控建议。方法采用流行病学现况研究方法,对所有病例的基本特征、临床表现和聚集性活动等进行个案调查。根据血清学检查和流行病学调查结果判定肺炎支原体感染情况。结果在2013年5月16日至2013年6月11日期间,某部队共出现49名确诊病例和38名疑似病例,均为男性,总体罹患率为7.8%。疫情高峰时间段为5月27日至6月2日(7 d),病例总数66人(占75.9%)。在疫情暴发期间,学兵10队、其他学兵队和非学兵队人群的罹患率分别为47.5%、4.5%和1.2%,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。49名确诊患者年龄为17~26岁,不同年龄组人群罹患率无统计学差异。患者籍贯和兵源地无明显聚集性。感染病例最常出现的临床症状为发热和咳嗽,62.5%确诊病例出现了单侧或双侧肺部炎性改变,肺部阳性体征少见。所有确诊病例均住院治疗,无重症或危重病例出现。在采取病例监测、隔离观察、取消密集性活动、分散居住以及预防性服用阿奇霉素等防控措施之后,疫情得到有效控制。结论封闭、密集的学习和训练部队易出现肺炎支原体感染暴发,有必要进一步提高防病意识,加强病例管理,尽量分散居住,减少密集活动,落实个人卫生制度。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate and analyze the epidemic characteristics and control effect of an outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a certain department, and put forward some suggestions for further prevention and control. According to the results of serological examination and epidemiological investigation, the situation of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was determined. Results between May 16th 2013 and June 11th 2013, There were 49 confirmed cases and 38 suspected cases in a certain army, all of them were males, the overall attack rate was 7.8. The peak period of the epidemic was from May 27th to June 2nd, and the total number of cases was 66 (75.9%). During the outbreak, 10 teams of soldiers were trained. The attack rates of other students and non-students were 47.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The age of 49 confirmed patients was 170-26 years old. There was no statistical difference in the attack rate among different age groups. There was no obvious aggregation in the origin and origin of the patients. The most common clinical symptoms of infection cases were fever and cough. 62.5% of the confirmed cases had unilateral or bilateral pulmonary inflammatory changes. Lung positive signs are rare. All confirmed cases are hospitalized and no severe or critical cases appear. After taking case monitoring, isolation observation, cancellation of intensive activity, scattered residence and preventive use of azithromycin and other preventive measures, Conclusion intensive learning and training troops are prone to the outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. It is necessary to further improve the awareness of disease prevention, strengthen case management, disperse residence as far as possible, and reduce intensive activities. Implement the personal hygiene system.
【作者单位】：军事医学科学院疾病预防控制所;空军后勤部卫生防疫队;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81102168)
【分类号】：R563.1

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