我国2005—2014年1248家煤矿新发尘肺病病例分析

发布时间：2018-03-20 01:24

本文选题：煤矿　切入点：尘肺病　出处：《中国职业医学》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析2005—2014年我国1 248家煤矿新发尘肺病的分布特征。方法采用常规资料分析方法,对1 248家煤矿3 631例新发尘肺病病例资料进行分析。结果 3 631例新发尘肺病病例中,男性3 629例,女性2例;尘肺病壹期3 154例(占86.9%),尘肺病贰期432例(占11.9%),尘肺病叁期45例(占1.2%);开始接尘年代主要集中在20世纪70~90年代,共2 514例(占69.2%);接尘工龄中位数(M)和第25、75百分位数(P25,P75)为22.0(15.5,28.0)年,诊断年龄M(P25,P75)为48.8(43.6,56.4)岁,接尘工龄和诊断年龄均呈随接尘年代的延后而下降趋势(P0.01);工种以煤矿混合工、掘进工和采煤工为主,共3 498例(占96.3%),其中主采煤工的接尘工龄最短(P0.05)。结论当前我国煤矿尘肺病发病形势严峻,接尘工龄和诊断年龄呈下降趋势,应加强对煤矿企业的监督管理工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the distribution of newly occurring pneumoconiosis in 1 248 coal mines in China from 2005 to 2014. Methods the data of 3 631 new cases of pneumoconiosis in 1 248 coal mines were analyzed by routine data analysis. There were 3 629 males, 2 females, 3 154 cases of pneumoconiosis (86.9%), 432 cases of pneumoconiosis II (11.9%), 45 cases of pneumoconiosis 3 (1.2%). A total of 2 514 cases (69.2%; median length of exposure to dust) and 25% 75 percentile (P25 / P75) were 22.0 / 15.5 / 28.0 years old, and the diagnostic age was 48.8 / 43.6/ 56.4yr respectively. The length of exposure to dust and the age of diagnosis showed a decreasing trend with the extension of dust exposure years (P0.01), and the types of work were mixed workers in coal mines. A total of 3 498 cases (96. 3%) were mainly excavators and coal miners, among whom the shortest exposure time of coal miners was P0.050.Conclusion the incidence situation of pneumoconiosis in coal mines in China is serious at present, and the length of exposure to dust and the age of diagnosis show a downward trend. Supervision and management of coal mining enterprises should be strengthened.
【作者单位】：北京市劳动保护科学研究所;中国职业安全健康协会;
【分类号】：R135.2

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