自我管理对社区COPD患者生活质量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 03:32

本文选题：肺疾病　切入点：慢性阻塞性　出处：《中国全科医学》2014年26期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的对社区COPD患者实施自我管理项目,探讨自我管理对其生活质量的影响。方法于2013年3月—2014年4月采用随机整群抽样法抽取海口市2个社区,采用随机数字表法选取1个社区的30例COPD患者作为试验组,选取另1个社区的30例COPD患者作为对照组。对照组未实施自我管理项目,试验组依据自我管理手册实施自我管理培训项目,计划并实施自我管理行动。在自我管理项目干预前及干预后6周、3个月、12个月时均采用圣-乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)和COPD患者生活质量问卷(COPD-QOL)对两组患者进行测评。结果 SGRQ评分组间比较显示:干预前,两组症状、活动能力及疾病影响评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);干预后6周、3个月及12个月时,试验组症状、活动能力及疾病影响评分均低于对照组(P0.05)。SGRQ评分组内比较显示:对照组症状、活动能力及疾病影响评分在干预后6周、3个月及12个月时与干预前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);试验组症状、活动能力及疾病影响评分在干预后6周、3个月及12个月时均低于干预前(P0.05)。COPD-QOL评分组间比较显示:干预前,两组日常生活能力、社会生活状况、抑郁心理症状和焦虑心理症状评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);干预后6周、3个月及12个月时试验组日常生活能力、社会生活状况、抑郁心理症状和焦虑心理症状评分均低于对照组(P0.05)。COPD-QOL评分组内比较显示:对照组干预后6周、3个月及12个月时日常生活能力、社会生活状况、抑郁心理症状和焦虑心理症状评分与干预前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);试验组干预后6周、3个月及12个月时日常生活能力、社会生活状况、抑郁心理症状和焦虑心理症状评分均低于干预前(P0.05)。结论自我管理项目能改善COPD患者症状、活动能力、疾病影响、日常生活能力、社会活动状况、抑郁及焦虑心理症状,提高其生活质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the effect of self-management on the quality of life of COPD patients in community. Methods from March 2013 to April 2014, two communities of Haikou City were sampled by random cluster sampling. 30 patients with COPD in one community were selected as trial group and 30 patients with COPD in another community as control group. The control group did not carry out self-management project. The pilot group carries out self-management training projects according to the self-management manual, Planning and implementation of self-management actions. Before and after the intervention of self-management program, the patients in both groups were evaluated with Saint-George breathing questionnaire (SGRQ) and quality of Life questionnaire (COPD-QOLL) at 6 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after intervention. SGRQ scores showed that: before intervention, There was no significant difference in symptom, activity ability and disease impact score between the two groups, but at 6 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after intervention, there was no significant difference in the symptoms of the two groups. The scores of activity ability and disease effect were lower than those of control group (P 0.05). SGRQ score showed that the symptoms, activity ability and disease impact score of control group were compared with those before intervention at 6 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after intervention. The scores of symptom, activity ability and disease influence in the experimental group were lower than those before intervention at 6 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after intervention. The results showed that before intervention, the ability of daily life and social life status of the two groups were lower than those of the control group. There was no significant difference in the scores of depression and anxiety, the ability of daily life and social life status in the experimental group at 6 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after intervention. The scores of depression and anxiety were lower than those of control group (P 0.05). The scores of COPD-QOL showed that the control group had the ability of daily living and the condition of social life at 6 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after intervention. The scores of depression and anxiety were not significantly different from those before intervention (P 0.05), and the ability of daily living and social life were observed in the experimental group at 6 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after intervention. The scores of depression and anxiety were lower than those before intervention (P 0.05). Conclusion Self-management program can improve symptoms, activity, disease, daily life, social activities, depression and anxiety of COPD patients. Improve their quality of life.
【作者单位】：海南医学院国际护理学院;
【基金】：海南省教育厅课题(Hjsk2013-38)——居家COPD患者自我管理项目的实施与效果评价
【分类号】：R563.9

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