哮喘患者医院感染的相关因素与预防研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 09:54

本文选题：哮喘患者　切入点：医院感染　出处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年11期

【摘要】：目的探讨哮喘患者发生医院感染的临床特点,分析相关因素并提出可行的预防对策,以控制医院感染的发生。方法选择2007年5月-2013年5月收治的78例发生医院感染哮喘患者作为研究对象,采集患者标本进行细菌培养及药敏试验,对病原菌和相关影响因素采用SPSS15.0软件进行统计分析,对有显著性差异的影响因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果收治的2 340例哮喘患者中78例发生医院感染,感染率为3.33%;感染部位以呼吸道为主,占65.39%;共分离出病原菌95株,其中革兰阴性菌69株占72.64%、革兰阳性菌22株占23.16%、真菌4株占4.20%,检出前5位的病原菌为流感嗜血菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、卡他莫拉菌和大肠埃希菌,分别占22.11%、15.80%、14.75%、12.63%、10.53%;经统计分析发现,发病季节、住院时间、侵入性操作、抗菌药物种类、激素应用及有糖尿病史是哮喘患者发生医院感染的相关影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论哮喘患者发生医院感染率较高,在临床治疗过程中,应注意相关影响因素,做好有效的预防措施,提高治疗效果降低医院感染的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection in patients with asthma, related factors and preventive countermeasures are put forward feasible, in order to control the occurrence of hospital infection. Methods from May 2007 -2013 year in May 78 cases of hospital infection in patients with asthma patients as the research object, collecting specimens for bacterial culture and drug sensitive test of pathogen and related factors. Effect of using SPSS15.0 software for statistical analysis, the influence factors have significant differences in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results 2340 cases of patients with asthma were treated in 78 cases of hospital infection, the infection rate was 3.33%; the infection of respiratory tract, accounting for 65.39%; a total of 95 strains of bacteria were isolated, gram negative 69 strains of bacteria accounted for 72.64%, 22 strains of gram positive bacteria accounted for 23.16%, 4 strains of fungi accounted for 4.20%, the top 5 pathogens for Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus Mora, catarrhal bacteria and Escherichia coli, respectively 22.11%, 15.80%, 14.75%, 12.63%, 10.53%; the statistical analysis showed that the onset of the season, time of hospitalization, invasive operation, antibiotic drugs, hormone application and have a history of diabetes is the related factors of nosocomial infection in patients with asthma, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion the occurrence of hospital infection rate is higher in patients with asthma, the clinical course of treatment, should pay attention to the related factors, make effective preventive measures, improve the effect of treatment to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.

【作者单位】：河南省中医院呼吸肺病科;
【基金】：河南省科技攻关基金资助项目(0124170723)
【分类号】：R562.25

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