2008-2016年安徽省学生肺结核变化趋势及特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-09 11:03

本文选题：结核　切入点：肺　出处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年10期

【摘要】：目的了解安徽省学生肺结核(tuberculosis,TB)流行特征,为制定学校结核病防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集安徽省2008-2016年"结核病管理信息系统"中有关学生结核病发病资料及《安徽省统计年鉴》中有关学生资料。结果 2008-2015年学生活动性肺TB患者平均发病率为13.58/10万,其中涂阳患者平均发病率为4.89/10万,涂阳患者发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ~2趋势=678.71,P0.001)。2008-2016年报告的学生活动性肺TB患者共11 880例,男女性别比为1.75∶1。以15~岁患者为主,春季为高发季节。患者以涂阴肺TB为主,占59.74%,涂阳肺TB所占比例呈逐年下降趋势(χ~2趋势=1 091.46,P0.001),涂阴肺TB及结核性胸膜炎所占比例呈逐年上升趋势(χ~2趋势1=711.69,P0.001;χ~2趋势2=145.55,P0.001)。学生患者平均就诊延迟率和确诊延迟率分别为53.71%和13.59%。患者发现方式以转诊为主,占45.20%,健康体检发现方式所占比例呈逐年上升趋势(χ~2趋势=64.70,P0.001)。结论 2008-2016年安徽省学生涂阳肺TB患者发病率逐年下降,15~岁为重点发病人群,春季为高发季节,健康体检等发现方式逐年增加。下一步将根据重点人群及高发时间,加强学生TB防控工作,继续关注健康体检在学生肺TB发现中的作用。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis tuberculosis (TB) among students in Anhui province, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools.Methods the data of tuberculosis incidence in Anhui Province from 2008 to 2016 were collected, and the data of students in the Statistical Yearbook of Anhui Province were collected.The sex ratio is 1.75: 1.Most of the patients were aged 15 ~ years, with high incidence in spring.The average delay rate and diagnosis delay rate were 53.71% and 13.59%, respectively.Referral was the main way of finding patients (45.20%), and the proportion of physical examination was increasing year by year (蠂 2 trend: 64.70 P 0.001).Conclusion from 2008 to 2016, the incidence of smear positive pulmonary TB among students in Anhui Province decreased year by year. The incidence of pulmonary TB patients aged from 15 to 15 years old was the focus of the population, and the high incidence season was in spring, and the finding methods of health examination increased year by year.The next step is to strengthen the prevention and control of TB according to the key population and the time of high incidence, and to continue to pay attention to the role of physical examination in the discovery of TB in students' lungs.
【作者单位】：安徽省结核病防治研究所(安徽省胸科医院)科教科;安徽省结核病防治研究所(安徽省胸科医院)院办;
【分类号】：R521

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