支气管哮喘急性发作常见诱发因素临床分析

发布时间：2018-05-15 05:06

本文选题：支气管哮喘 + 急性发作　；参考：《中国医疗前沿》2011年20期

【摘要】：目的探讨支气管哮喘急性发作的诱因,为哮喘防治提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析250例住院及门诊哮喘患者急性发作的诱发因素,同时用敏筛法对其中70例哮喘急性发作期患者进行过敏原检测。结果哮喘急性发作最常见的诱因是呼吸道感染,占46.4%,其中老年组患者人数明显高于青、中年组(均P0.01)。吸入过敏原居第二位,占26.4%,青、中年组与老年组比较有统计学意义(P0.01,P0.05)。其他因素依次为冷空气刺激、食物过敏原、情绪变化、药物和剧烈运动。过敏原检测结果显示,70例患者中有40例至少对一种过敏原过敏,阳性率57.1%,其中霉菌类检出率最高,占27.1%。其他检出率较高的过敏原依次为蒿、户尘螨、屋尘及猫狗皮毛。结论呼吸道感染和吸入过敏原是哮喘急性发作最常见的诱发因素。积极预防呼吸道感染,避免接触过敏原对减少哮急性喘发作,改善患者的预后具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the inducement of acute attack of bronchial asthma and to provide theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods the predisposing factors of acute attack in 250 inpatients and outpatients were analyzed retrospectively and allergen was detected by sensitive screening method in 70 of them. Results Respiratory tract infection was the most common inducement of acute attack of asthma (46.4%). The number of patients in the elderly group was significantly higher than that in the young group and the middle-aged group (all P 0.01). Inhaled allergens were the second group, accounting for 26.4%. There was significant difference between the young and middle age group and the old group (P 0.01) and P 0.05% (P < 0.05). Other factors were cold air irritation, food allergens, mood changes, drugs and strenuous exercise. The results of allergen test showed that 40 out of 70 patients were allergic to at least one allergen, the positive rate was 57.1, and the detection rate of mold was the highest (27.1%). The other allergens with higher detection rate were Artemisia annua, dust mites, house dust and cat and dog fur. Conclusion Respiratory tract infection and inhaled allergen are the most common risk factors for acute asthma attack. It is important to prevent respiratory tract infection and avoid contact with allergen to reduce acute asthma attack and improve prognosis.
【作者单位】：山西医科大学;山西省人民医院;山西医科大学第一医院呼吸科;
【分类号】：R562.25

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