抗菌肽对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌机制研究进展

发布时间：2018-06-01 15:10

  本文选题：抗菌肽 + 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌　； 参考：《中国药房》2017年23期

【摘要】：目的:了解抗菌肽对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的抗菌机制,以期为抗菌肽临床治疗MRSA肺炎提供参考。方法:查阅近年来国内外相关文献,就各种抗菌肽对MRSA的抗菌机制的相关研究进行归纳和总结。结果与结论:抗菌肽相对于抗菌药物拥有较多优势——(1)抗菌肽是生物天然免疫系统的组成部分,容易获得;抗菌肽氨基酸数较少、肽链较短,减小了合成抗菌肽的难度,为大量人工合成抗菌肽提供了可能性。(2)抗菌肽表面富含正电荷,YD1、Melittin和Bac8c均通过其表面的正电荷与MRSA表面的负电荷结合并黏附于细菌表面,进一步破坏细胞膜从而杀灭细菌;LL-37能抑制MRSA生物膜的形成并破坏已经形成的MRSA生物膜;h BD3-CBD通过在MRSA周围聚集进而发挥杀菌作用;J-AA、J-RR和J-AR利用其结构特殊性,通过内/外膜透化机制,破坏MRSA细胞膜,从而杀伤细菌。上述机制皆不涉及受体与配体之间的结合,避免了MRSA对抗菌肽产生耐药性。(3)大部分抗菌肽在极低的MIC下即已对MRSA展示出了强大的杀菌作用。抗菌肽的使用也存在一定的局限性——(1)抗菌肽的肽链较短,增加了提取难度,人工合成抗菌肽则提高了药物成本。(2)抗菌肽的短肽链和简单结构,使其稳定性较差。(3)抗菌肽是一种异种蛋白,可能诱发患者产生一系列的免疫反应和毒性作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the antibacterial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to provide reference for clinical treatment of MRSA pneumonia with antimicrobial peptides. Methods: the research on antibacterial mechanism of various antimicrobial peptides against MRSA was summarized by referring to the related literatures at home and abroad in recent years. Results & conclusion: antimicrobial peptides have more advantages than antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides are an integral part of biological innate immune system and are easy to obtain, and antimicrobial peptides have fewer amino acids and shorter peptide chains, thus reducing the difficulty of synthesizing antimicrobial peptides. It provides a possibility for a large number of synthetic antimicrobial peptides.) the surface of antimicrobial peptides is rich in positive charge. Both YD1 and Bac8c bind to and adhere to the bacterial surface through the positive charge on the surface of MRSA and negative charge on the surface of MRSA. Further destroying cell membrane and killing bacteria LL-37 can inhibit the formation of MRSA biofilm and destroy the formed MRSA biofilm, BD3-CBD can play a bactericidal effect by aggregating around MRSA. Through the internal / outer membrane permeation mechanism, the MRSA cell membrane is destroyed, thereby killing bacteria. These mechanisms do not involve binding between receptors and ligands, and avoid the resistance of MRSA to antimicrobial peptides. (3) most antimicrobial peptides have shown a strong bactericidal effect on MRSA at very low MIC. The use of antimicrobial peptides also has some limitations: (1) the peptide chain of antimicrobial peptide is relatively short, which increases the difficulty of extraction, while the synthetic antibacterial peptide increases the cost of the drug, and the short peptide chain and simple structure of antimicrobial peptide. The antimicrobial peptide is a kind of heterologous protein, which may induce a series of immune reaction and toxicity in patients.
【作者单位】： 南方医科大学珠江医院呼吸内科;南方医科大学第二临床医学院;
【基金】：广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2016A030313620) 南方医科大学国家级、省级、校级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.201612121002)
【分类号】：R563.1
，

本文编号：1964621