变应性哮喘的特异性免疫治疗

发布时间：2018-06-14 13:37

本文选题：皮下注射免疫治疗 + 舌下免疫治疗　；参考：《重庆医科大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：因个体过敏体质、外界环境以及多基因遗传的影响，变应性哮喘发病率呈逐渐上升趋势。特异性免疫治疗（Specific immunotherapy，SIT）是除避免接触变应原、药物治疗以外的一种新的治疗方式；是唯一针对病因学的治疗，可以通过免疫调节机制改变变应性疾病的自然病程，防止病情进一步恶化。在临床实验研究中，我们发现它不仅能够减轻哮喘症状、减少药物需求，还能预防过敏性鼻炎患儿向变应性哮喘的发展。另外，即使终止SIT治疗，其预防和控制哮喘的疗效亦可持久存在。皮下注射和舌下含服（或滴定）是目前变应性哮喘SIT研究和应用最多的两条途径。为了进一步提高SIT的疗效及安全性、缩短疗程，人们在不断寻求新的解决方案（如：寻求SIT新的途径、研发新型变应原制品）。自SIT提出至今，已证明了SIT应用于呼吸系统变应性疾病的优势，但仍然存在一些问题值得我们思考。为能进一步认识SIT、促进临床研究以及推动该治疗方式日后在临床中的广泛应用，这里就变应性哮喘的特异性免疫治疗作一简单的综述。
[Abstract]:The incidence of allergic asthma increased gradually due to the influence of allergy constitution, external environment and polygene inheritance. Specific immunotherapy (SITs) is a new method of treatment in addition to avoiding exposure to allergens and drug therapy. It is the only treatment aimed at etiology and can alter the natural course of allergic diseases through immunomodulatory mechanisms. Prevent further deterioration of the disease. In clinical studies, we found that it can not only reduce the symptoms of asthma, reduce the demand for drugs, but also prevent allergic rhinitis children from developing into allergic asthma. In addition, the efficacy of the prevention and control of asthma can be sustained even if the sit therapy is terminated. Subcutaneous injection and sublingual administration (or titration) are the two most widely used approaches in the study and application of sit in allergic asthma. In order to further improve the efficacy and safety of sit, shorten the course of treatment, people are constantly looking for new solutions (for example, seek new approaches to sit, research and development of new allergen products. Since sit was put forward, it has proved the superiority of sit in the application of respiratory allergic diseases, but there are still some problems to be considered. In order to further understand site, promote clinical research and promote the wide application of this treatment in the future, this paper makes a brief review on specific immunotherapy of allergic asthma.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R562.25

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