煤矿工人尘肺病健康教育模式研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 08:26

本文选题：煤矿工人 + 尘肺病　；参考：《环境与职业医学》2014年05期

【摘要】：[目的]评估煤矿工人尘肺病健康教育效果,探讨适合煤矿工人尘肺病健康教育的最佳模式。[方法]采用随机抽样的方法抽取山西焦煤集团4个煤矿600名下井工人,按年龄随机分配到对照组、干预一组、干预二组和干预三组,对照组无任何干预。干预一组、干预二组和干预三组分别采用单纯性集中授课;单纯性集中授课和发放宣传折页;单纯性集中授课、发放宣传折页和参与式培训的模式进行尘肺病健康教育,干预前、后分别进行问卷调查以评估干预效果。[结果]健康教育干预前,除了《职业病防治法》及就医场所的知晓率较低,分别为67.80%和68.48%,煤矿工人对尘肺病相关知识知晓率均85%;相关态度认可率范围为70.36%～91.82%;相关行为形成率较低,如主动学习尘肺病健康知识仅51.28%。健康教育干预后,三个干预组的煤矿工人对尘肺病知识、态度和行为均显著改善,组间相比可知干预三组的效果最佳(P0.05)。[结论]三个干预组所采取的干预方式都可以改善尘肺病知识、态度和行为,但以单纯性集中授课、发放宣传折页和参与式培训相结合的教育模式效果最佳,是尘肺病健康教育的最佳模式。
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the effect of health education on pneumoconiosis among coal miners and to explore the best model for health education of pneumoconiosis among coal miners. [methods] 600 well workers in 4 coal mines of Shanxi Coking Coal Group were selected by random sampling and randomly assigned to the control group, one intervention group, two intervention groups and three intervention groups according to their age. There was no intervention in the control group. The intervention group, the intervention group and the intervention group were given centralized teaching with simple quality, centralized teaching and propaganda folding, and the mode of health education of pneumoconiosis with simple centralized teaching, propaganda folding and participatory training, respectively, in the intervention group, the intervention group and the intervention group, respectively, using the models of simple centralized teaching and dissemination of propaganda folding. Before and after intervention, questionnaires were conducted to evaluate the effect of intervention. [results] before the intervention of health education, the awareness rate was low except the Occupational Disease Prevention and treatment Law and the places of medical treatment. The awareness rate of pneumoconiosis related knowledge among coal miners was 85%, the related attitude recognition rate was 70.36% and 91.82%, and the rate of related behavior formation was low, such as active learning pneumoconiosis health knowledge only 51.28%. After the intervention of health education, the knowledge, attitude and behavior of coal miners on pneumoconiosis in the three intervention groups were significantly improved, and the results showed that the three groups had the best effect on pneumoconiosis. [conclusion] the intervention methods adopted by the three intervention groups can improve the knowledge, attitude and behavior of pneumoconiosis, but the educational model with the combination of simple centralized teaching, publicity folding and participatory training is the best. It is the best mode of health education for pneumoconiosis.
【作者单位】：山西省安全生产科学研究院职业健康评价科;
【分类号】：R135.2

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