脑卒中气管切开患者肺部感染的危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-08-18 11:58

【摘要】：目的分析脑卒中昏迷患者气管切开并发肺部感染的危险因素,为临床预防治疗工作提供参考依据。方法将2011年1月-2012年12月收治的脑卒中昏迷患者620例纳入研究,均给予气管切开、呼吸机辅助呼吸,观察肺部感染、分析病原菌种类,调查相关危险因素,采用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果共发生肺部感染80例,感染率12.9%;检出病原菌122株,以革兰阴性菌为主,共84株占68.9%;年龄、糖尿病史、血清白蛋白、气管切开时间、抗菌药物使用、长期吸烟史、卧床时间是肺部感染的危险因素(P0.05)。结论革兰阴性菌是导致脑卒中昏迷患者气管切开并发肺部感染的主要菌群,高龄、糖尿病、低蛋白血症、气管切开时间过长、滥用抗菌药物、吸烟史以及长时间卧床是肺部感染的危险因素,在临床工作中需加以重视和预防。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the risk factors of tracheotomy complicated with pulmonary infection in patients with cerebral apoplexy and to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods 620 patients with coma of stroke from January 2011 to December 2012 were included in the study. All patients were given tracheotomy, ventilator assisted respiration, pulmonary infection observation, analysis of pathogenic bacteria, and investigation of risk factors. SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results there were 80 cases of pulmonary infection, the infection rate was 12.9%, 122 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, 84 strains were mainly Gram-negative bacteria (68.9%), age, history of diabetes, serum albumin, time of tracheotomy, use of antimicrobial agents, long history of smoking. Bed rest time was the risk factor of pulmonary infection (P0.05). Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main bacteria that lead to tracheotomy and pulmonary infection in patients with cerebral apoplexy, such as old age, diabetes, hypoproteinemia, long tracheotomy time and abuse of antibiotics. Smoking history and long stay in bed are risk factors of pulmonary infection.
【作者单位】：青岛大学附属医院检验科;青岛大学附属医院急诊神经科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81373001)
【分类号】：R563.1;R743.3

【参考文献】