2011-2015年衡阳市新诊断尘肺病例发病特征分析

发布时间：2019-04-23 14:57

【摘要】：目的通过对2011-2015年衡阳市新诊断的尘肺病例数据分析,了解尘肺病发病特征,为该市尘肺病防治工作的开展提供参考依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制系统子系统"健康危害因素监测信息系统"获取近5年衡阳市新诊断的尘肺病例数据,用描述统计法对尘肺发病特征进行相关分析。结果共收集尘肺病例522例,行业分布主要集中在煤矿开采与洗选业,占整个尘肺病例总数的67.05%(350例);病例工种以主采煤工、主进掘工、凿岩工为主,分别占整个尘肺病例数的53.64%(280例)、16.48%(86例)、12.26%(64例);企业规模分布以小型企业为主,占整个尘肺病例数的79.10%(413例)。尘肺患者平均接尘工龄为(17.77±9.01)年,平均发病年龄为(51.53±7.06)岁;接尘工龄主要集中在5~25年,占70.69%(369例);发病年龄主要集中在45~60岁,占69.54%(363例);随着接尘工龄和发病年龄的增大,尘肺患病期别有晋升的趋势。结论衡阳市新诊断尘肺病例主要集中在煤矿开采业,以主采煤工发病最为严重;企业分布主要集中在小企业。应加强煤矿企业和小规模企业的卫生管理工作,尽可能的减少尘肺病的发生。
[Abstract]:Aim to analyze the data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Hengyang City from 2011 to 2015, so as to find out the characteristics of pneumoconiosis and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in Hengyang City. Methods the data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Hengyang city in recent 5 years were obtained by the monitoring information system of health hazard factors of Chinese disease prevention and control system, and the incidence characteristics of pneumoconiosis were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results 522 cases of pneumoconiosis were collected. The industrial distribution was mainly in coal mine mining and washing, accounting for 67.05% (350 cases) of the total number of pneumoconiosis cases. The main coal miners, main diggers and rock drills accounted for 53.64% (280 cases), 16.48% (86 cases) and 12.26% (64 cases) of pneumoconiosis cases respectively. Small-scale enterprises account for 79.10% (413 cases) of pneumoconiosis cases. The average age of dust exposure in pneumoconiosis patients was (17.77 卤9.01) years and the mean age of onset was (51.53 卤7.06) years, and the age of dust exposure was mainly in 5 ~ 25 years, accounting for 70.69% (369 cases). The age of onset of pneumoconiosis was mainly in 45-60 years old (69.54%), and there was a tendency of promotion in the stage of pneumoconiosis with the age of dust exposure and the age of onset of pneumoconiosis increased. Conclusion the newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Hengyang city are mainly concentrated in the coal mining industry, and the main coal miners are the most serious, and the distribution of the enterprises is mainly concentrated in the small enterprises. The health management of coal mining enterprises and small enterprises should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of pneumoconiosis as much as possible.
【作者单位】：南华大学公共卫生学院;衡阳市疾病预防控制中心;南华大学附属南华医院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(项目编号:81272994)
【分类号】：R135.2

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