留置不同人工气道长期机械通气患者的病因探讨及并发症的差异性分析
发布时间:2019-06-16 15:57
【摘要】:目的 探讨长期机械通气的原因,比较留置不同人工气道的长期机械通气患者并发症、住院死亡率及生存时间的差异性,分析两组患者主要并发症的原因、防治方式及合理有效地人工气道的选择、管理方法。 方法 回顾性分析我院2007年3月~2012年3月间125例长期机械通气患者(21d)的病历资料,探讨长期机械通气的原因,并根据人工气道的不同分为经鼻气管插管组及气管切开组,其中经鼻气管插管组76例,气管切开组49例,对两组患者的并发症发生率、住院死亡率及生存时间做统计学分析,比较两组之间的差异性。 结果 1.两组间性别,年龄,,留置人工气道时呼吸衰竭类型、急性生理学及慢性健康状态评分(APACHEⅡ评分)均无统计学差异。 2.两组患者长期机械通气的原因,肺部疾病占56.80%,神经肌肉疾病、脑血管意外、心脏疾病、多器官功能衰竭、心理因素、外科术后分别占9.60%、9.60%、8.80%、8.00%、4.80%、2.40%。 3.与气管切开组患者比较,经鼻气管插管组患者鼻窦炎的发生率显著高,为13.15%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.59,P0.05)。经鼻气管插管组和气管切开组的其他并发症的发生率分别为:呼吸机相关性肺炎32.89%vs28.57%,χ2=0.26,P=0.61;气管食管瘘2.63%vs2.04%,χ2=0.04,P=0.83;气管狭窄1.31%vs4.08%,χ2=0.97,P=0.32;气管软化1.31%vs6.12%,χ2=2.22,P=0.14;气管内出血1.31%vs2.04%,χ2=0.10,P=0.75;套管堵塞1.31%vs2.04%,χ2=0.10,P=0.75;差异均无统计学意义。 4.两组患者比较,经鼻气管插管组患者死亡39例,死亡率为51.32%,平均生存时间163.37±26.16天,气管切开组患者死亡15例,死亡率30.61%,平均生存时间378.79±97.80天,P0.05,差异具有统计学意义。 结论 1.长期机械通气的原因,以肺部疾病为主,神经肌肉疾病、脑血管意外、心脏疾病、多器官功能衰竭、外科术后、心理因素也占据一定的比例。 2.与气管切开组患者比较,长期留置经鼻气管插管组患者鼻窦炎发生率显著升高;呼吸机相关性肺炎、气管食管瘘、气管狭窄、气管软化、气管内出血、套管堵塞等并发症发生率在两组间无显著性差异。 3.相比较于经鼻气管插管组患者,气管切开组患者死亡率较低,生存时间较长。 4.对于长期机械通气的患者,做好留置人工气道方式的选择,对于减少患者鼻窦炎的发生,延长生存时间,降低死亡率具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation, compare the complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of patients with long-term mechanical ventilation with different artificial airways, and analyze the causes of main complications, prevention and treatment methods, reasonable and effective selection and management of artificial airway between the two groups. Methods the medical records of 125 patients with long-term mechanical ventilation from March 2007 to March 2012 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation were discussed. According to the difference of artificial airway, the patients were divided into nasal trachea intubation group (76 cases) and tracheotomy group (49 cases). The incidence of complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of the two groups were statistically analyzed. The differences between the two groups were compared. Result 1. There was no significant difference in sex, age, respiratory failure type, acute physiology and chronic health status score (APACHE II score) between the two groups. two銆
本文编号:2500652
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation, compare the complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of patients with long-term mechanical ventilation with different artificial airways, and analyze the causes of main complications, prevention and treatment methods, reasonable and effective selection and management of artificial airway between the two groups. Methods the medical records of 125 patients with long-term mechanical ventilation from March 2007 to March 2012 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. the causes of long-term mechanical ventilation were discussed. According to the difference of artificial airway, the patients were divided into nasal trachea intubation group (76 cases) and tracheotomy group (49 cases). The incidence of complications, hospitalization mortality and survival time of the two groups were statistically analyzed. The differences between the two groups were compared. Result 1. There was no significant difference in sex, age, respiratory failure type, acute physiology and chronic health status score (APACHE II score) between the two groups. two銆
本文编号:2500652
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