对甲酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖和细胞周期影响的研究
发布时间:2018-03-22 07:26
本文选题:蛋白结合的对甲酚 切入点:人脐静脉内皮细胞 出处:《第三军医大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:背景: 成人慢性肾脏病(CKD)的发病率高达10%[1],其中相当部分患者将发展到终末期肾衰,由于肾源奇缺、肾移植数量减少,绝大部分终末期肾衰患者只能靠透析生存。尽管近几十年来,在透析技术、透析耗材、透析液等方面做了大量的研究和改进,维持性血液透析患者的年死亡率仍高达10%,在这些死亡患者中,心、脑血管事件是最重要的死亡原因[2]。透析虽然缓解了多种毒素、水电解质紊乱、酸碱失衡等致死因子对生命的直接威胁,但对尿毒症时高发的心、脑血管病变本身并无明显缓解,这不得不令我们重新审视现代透析的局限性。 以往研究表明,内皮功能紊乱加速了慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者的加速性动脉硬化进程。一些与血浆白蛋白结合的尿毒症毒素,如硫酸吲哚酚、同型半胱氨酸、马尿酸等,被证实参与损伤CKD患者的血管内皮功能[3]。但仍难以解释造成尿毒症患者居高不下心脑血管并发症的原因。 文献表明,透析并不能清除蛋白结合的尿毒症毒素。对甲酚,是一种与血浆白蛋白高度结合的尿毒症毒素,与血浆白蛋白的结合率高达94%,常规的透析方法很难将其清除[4]。在CKD的中晚期阶段,患者血清对甲酚水平明显增高,同时与CKD患者的全因死亡率和心血管疾病发生率显著相关[5]。近年来,蛋白结合毒素对甲酚在CKD患者心脑血管并发症高发生率中所发挥的作用逐渐受到人们的关注。 目的: 本研究以培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)为研究对象,观察游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚(+4%白蛋白)对人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖和细胞周期的影响及其机制,从而探讨蛋白结合尿毒症毒素对甲酚与CKD患者加速性动脉硬化的关系。 方法: 本课题分为2部分进行探讨。 第一部分:观察游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖、细胞形态、细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响。 1.用CCK-8法观察游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚对HUVEC细胞增殖的影响。 2.用倒置显微镜观察对甲酚对HUVEC细胞形态的影响。 3.用细胞凋亡检测试剂盒检测对甲酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞凋亡的影响。 4.用流式细胞技术检测对甲酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞周期的影响。 第二部分:观察游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞细胞周期调节蛋白的影响。 1.用Western印记法检测对甲酚对对人脐静脉内皮细胞细胞周期调节蛋白p21Cip1,p27Kip1, p15Ink4B, p16Ink4A,CDK4,cyclin D1表达的影响。 2.用双重免疫荧光法观察对甲酚对人脐静脉内皮细胞周期调节蛋白p21Cip1和cyclin D1表达的影响。 结果: 第一部分: 1.游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚均抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖:与对照组相比,对甲酚80μg/ml组24h、48h、72h的细胞增殖抑制率分别为23.56%±3.24%、48.55%±5.05%、80.68%±1.69%。与对照+4%白蛋白组相比,80μg/ml对甲酚+4%白蛋白组24h、48h、72h的细胞增殖抑制率分别为22.39%±4.79%、41.38%±2.10%、77.56%±2.06%。且随着对甲酚浓度的升高,其对细胞增殖的抑制作用逐渐增强(P0.05),同时随着作用时间的延长,这种抑制程度逐渐增强(P0.05)。游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚对HUVEC增殖的抑制作用均呈剂量依赖性和时间依赖性(P0.05)。 2.对甲酚处理后的HUVEC细胞形态发生了改变,呈现不规则状,细胞突起伸长,细胞质变浑浊。 3.游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚对HUVEC细胞凋亡无影响(P0.05)。 4.游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚均使HUVEC停滞于细胞周期G1期:对照组G1期细胞比例为62.37±0.39%,S期细胞比例为28.96±1.04%;对甲酚80μg/ml组G1期细胞比例为81.27±1.15%,S期细胞比例为5.77±1.32%。对照+4%白蛋白组G1期细胞比例为62.45±0.72%,S期细胞比例为22.48±3.15%;对甲酚80μg/ml+4%白蛋白组G1期细胞比例为79.63±1.18%,S期细胞比例为8.86±0.21%。各浓度对甲酚组G1期细胞较对照组显著增多(p0.05),S期细胞较对照组显著减少(p0.05),且对甲酚所导致的G1期停滞呈剂量依赖性(p0.05)。 第二部分: 1.游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚均使HUVEC细胞周期调节蛋白p21Cip1表达增加(p0.05),cyclin D1蛋白表达减少(p0.05),且这种作用均呈剂量依赖性(p0.05);而对细胞周期调节蛋白p27Kip1, p15Ink4B, p16Ink4A,CDK4表达无影响(P0.05)。 2.游离的对甲酚与蛋白结合的对甲酚增加了HUVEC细胞周期调节蛋白p21Cip1的表达,减少了cyclin D1蛋白的表达。 结论: 1.蛋白结合的对甲酚与游离对甲酚一样,能显著抑制HUVEC的增殖,,且呈剂量依赖性和时间依赖性。 2.蛋白结合的对甲酚与游离对甲酚对HUVEC增殖的抑制作用可能是通过上调细胞周期调节蛋白p21Cip1的表达,下调cyclin D1蛋白的表达,进而使HUVEC停滞于细胞周期G1期所致,与细胞凋亡无关。
[Abstract]:Background:
Adult chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence rate is as high as 10%[1], which is part of patients will develop to end-stage renal failure, because the kidneys are scarce, reduce the number of renal transplantation in patients with end-stage renal failure, most can only rely on dialysis to survive. Although in recent decades, in dialysis, dialysis supplies, such as dialysis fluid research and improvement of a large number of patients with maintenance hemodialysis mortality is still as high as 10%, in the death of patients, heart and cerebrovascular events is the most important cause of death in dialysis [2]. although alleviate a variety of toxins, water electrolyte disorder, acid-base imbalance of lethal direct threat to life, but for uremia the high incidence of heart cerebrovascular disease itself does not significantly alleviate the limitations, it had to make us re-examine modern dialysis.
Previous studies showed that endothelial dysfunction accelerates the chronic renal failure (CRF) accelerated the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with uremic toxins. Combined with plasma albumin, such as indoxyl sulfate, homocysteine, hippuric acid, was confirmed in [3]. vascular endothelial function injury in patients with CKD but it is still difficult to explain the cause of uremic patients the high cardiovascular complications.
The literature suggests that dialysis did not clear the uremic toxin protein binding. P-cresol is a uremic toxin and plasma albumin with up to 94%, and combined with the plasma albumin dialysis rate, the conventional method is difficult to remove [4]. in the late stage of CKD patients, serum p-cresol levels were significantly increased. At the same time in patients with CKD due to the incidence of [5]. was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease mortality in recent years, protein binding toxin paracresol in CKD patients with cardio cerebral vascular complications occurred in the high rate play a role gradually attracted people's attention.
Objective:
In this study, the cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as the research object, observe the free combination of p-cresol and protein p-cresol (+4% albumin) influence the proliferation and cell cycle of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and its mechanism, and to explore the relationship of protein bound uremic toxin cresol and CKD in patients with accelerated artery hardening.
Method锛
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