肾脏仿生脉动灌流保存与功能损伤研究
发布时间:2018-04-20 06:37
本文选题:移植 + 灌流保存 ; 参考:《杭州电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文
【摘要】:器官移植是救治多种器官功能衰竭患者生命的有效措施之一。随着科研及医疗水平的提高,器官移植的种类和适应范围不断扩大,加之人类平均寿命逐渐延长等因素,器官移植的患者数量急剧增加,造成了移植供体的数量远远低于待移植患者的数量,大量心死亡供体和边缘供体也开始被大量的应用于临床移植。这就对传统的肾脏保存的技术和系统提出了更高的要求。在这样的形势下,我们设计和开发出一套带多参数检测的肾脏低温灌流保存系统,,结果如下: 1、开发出一套脉动式低温机器灌流保存肾脏的系统,采用直流电机驱动蠕动泵对肾脏进行灌流保存,较早期灌流系统的气动式动力控制,更加方便,系统集成度高,更加稳定; 2、系统可以根据不同大小、年龄段的肾脏,仿生主动脉压力波动,设定不同的灌流压力值和压力脉动变化波形,保证了体外灌流对体内实际灌流过程的仿真,减小了灌流损伤; 3、系统带多参数传感器检测:可以实时检测-5℃至45℃范围内的灌流环境温度;可实时检测灌流管路内0mmHg至100mmHg范围内的压力变化;可探测灌流管道内是否有气泡,并及时排除气泡,最大程度的减小肾脏的灌流损伤。 4、在系统平台的上,分别对猪肾连续灌流和脉动式灌流实验,灌流时间均为24小时,通过猪肾在两种灌流模式下,在各个时间段内灌流流量变化研究肾功能损伤情况。实验结果显示,肾脏的功能变化可分为两个阶段:0小时至2小时阶段为肾脏的低温适应期,2小时至24小时为肾功能平稳阶段,在这个阶段肾脏功能平稳,但随灌流时间的不断增加,功能呈缓慢下降的趋势。 5、取肾皮质组织样品,制成切片后在显微镜下观察肾脏内组织结构,切片结果显示,肾小管保存良好,而肾小管是肾脏内较容易损伤的结构,肾脏仿生脉动式保存对保护肾小管结构有较为良好的功能。 由于时间所限,本课题的主要研究工作为设计并开发这套肾脏仿生脉动灌流保存系统,并运用系统进行了一些实验,验证其在灌流保存肾脏方面的优势,并初步研究了肾脏在保存过程中功能的动态变化。肾脏保存技术及肾脏动态功能损伤变化的研究具有非常重大的研究价值,在接下来的工作中,我们将进行更进一步的探究。
[Abstract]:Organ transplantation is one of the effective measures to treat the life of patients with multiple organ failure. With the improvement of scientific research and medical treatment, the variety and adaptability of organ transplantation is expanding, and the average life span of human being is increasing gradually, the number of organ transplant patients has increased dramatically. As a result, the number of transplant donors is much lower than the number of patients to be transplanted, a large number of cardiac death donors and marginal donors are also beginning to be used in clinical transplantation. This raises higher requirements for traditional kidney preservation techniques and systems. In this situation, we design and develop a kidney cryopreservation system with multi-parameter measurement. The results are as follows: 1. A set of pulsating cryogenic machine perfusion system for kidney preservation is developed. The DC motor driven peristaltic pump is used to preserve the kidney, which is more convenient, more integrated and more stable than the pneumatic dynamic control of the early perfusion system. 2. According to the pressure fluctuation of kidney and biomimetic aorta of different sizes and ages, the system can set different perfusion pressure value and pressure fluctuation waveform, which can ensure the simulation of the actual perfusion process in vivo by external perfusion, and reduce the perfusion injury. 3, the system has multi-parameter sensor detection: can real-time detect the irrigation environment temperature in the range of -5 鈩
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