大连市区前列腺癌流行趋势分析

发布时间：2018-06-15 23:02

本文选题：前列腺癌 + 发病率　；参考：《大连医科大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的研究并描述大连市前列腺癌发病率、集中发病年龄及死亡人数的流行趋势，并进行简要的分析，为前列腺癌普查及诊疗提供依据。方法对大连市区在1991年到2010年间以来的参加城镇医保的男性中前列腺癌病例、发病年龄以及死亡例数并进行统计研究，计算发病率及死亡粗率、标化率、年平均增长率、变化百分比以及历年集中发病年龄的变化。使用统计学软件对上述各项进行统计描述和统计学分析，进行数据的比较得出大连市前列腺癌的总体流行趋势包括：20年间前列腺癌发病率的总体变化；发病年龄的集中趋势；以前列腺癌为首位死亡原因的死亡率总体变化。结果大连市区1991~2010年前列腺癌共发病1208人，标准化发病率由1991年的1.7/10万逐年上升到2010年的5.1/10万，前列腺癌占男性恶性肿瘤的百分比由1991年0.7%上升到2010年2.5%；此处将70~79岁定义为中年龄组，，＜70岁为低年龄组，＞79岁为高年龄组，可以看出高年龄组发病人数明显升高，中年龄组发病人数上升显著，而低年龄组所占比例也有缓慢升高的趋势。由于数据完整性原因我们对大连市区在城镇医保内男性2002~2012年间以前列腺癌为首要死亡原因人数进行描述并对比，男性因前列腺癌死亡的人数变化不明显。结论大连市区环境污染的加重、饮食结构和生活习惯的进一步西方化、居民平均寿命的增长等患前列腺癌高危因素逐渐增加，筛查及常规体检的普及导致发病率逐年提高；低和中年龄组男性在前列腺癌发病中所占比例的逐年上升，可以看出在老龄化的趋势中高年龄组患病人数大幅度提高的同时前列腺癌发病的年轻化趋势在不断增加；以前列腺癌为首位死因的人数的缓慢增加而在人口标准化之后上升趋势并不明显，而与世界前列腺癌死亡率降低的趋势相悖。由此可见前列腺癌逐渐成为威胁大连市区男性生命的最常见恶性肿瘤，而未引起大连市医疗系统的普遍关注和重视，因此应加强公民对前列腺癌的公识力度，早期普查，早期诊治，以达到对前列腺癌的高度重视。大连市各医疗机构应加强对前列腺癌的筛查，引进先进的前列腺癌筛查技术设备及对应接受前列腺癌筛查的高危人群的正确判断，同时尽早与世界接轨实行更先进的前列腺癌治疗手段。
[Abstract]:Objective to study and describe the prevalence trend of prostate cancer incidence, age and death rate in Dalian, and to provide evidence for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Methods from 1991 to 2010, the incidence, age and death rate of prostate cancer in men who participated in urban health insurance in Dalian urban area were studied, and the incidence rate, crude death rate, standardized rate and annual average growth rate were calculated. The percentage of change and the change of age of concentrated onset over the years. Statistical software was used to describe and analyze the above items, and the general epidemic trend of prostate cancer in Dalian was obtained by comparing the data, including the overall change of incidence of prostate cancer in the past 20 years, the concentrated trend of onset age, and the prevalence of prostate cancer in Dalian during the past 20 years. The overall mortality rate of prostate cancer was the first cause of death. Results there were 1208 cases of prostate cancer in Dalian from 1991 to 2010. The standardized incidence rate increased from 1.7 / 100 000 in 1991 to 5.1 / 100 thousand in 2010. The percentage of prostate cancer in male malignant tumor increased from 0.7% in 1991 to 2.5% in 2010. In this paper, the middle age group, < 70 years old group and > 79 years old group are defined as middle age group, and < 70 years old group and > 79 years old group, it can be seen that the number of patients in the high age group is obviously increased, and the number of middle age group patients has increased significantly. And the proportion of low age group also has the slow rise tendency. For reasons of data integrity, we describe and compare the number of men who died from prostate cancer as the leading cause of death from 2002 to 2012 in urban health insurance in Dalian, and found that there was no significant change in the number of men dying from prostate cancer. Conclusion the risk factors of prostate cancer, such as aggravated environmental pollution, further westernization of diet structure and living habits, and the increase of average life expectancy of residents, have increased gradually. The prevalence of screening and routine physical examination has led to an increase in the incidence rate year by year. The proportion of men in low and middle age groups in the incidence of prostate cancer is increasing year by year. It can be seen that the number of patients in the older age group has increased significantly while the incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing. The slow increase in the number of people who died of prostate cancer as the first cause of death is not obvious after the population standardization, but it is contrary to the trend of world prostate cancer mortality reduction. It can be seen that prostate cancer has gradually become the most common malignant tumor threatening the life of men in Dalian city, but it has not aroused the general concern and attention of Dalian's medical system. Therefore, citizens should strengthen their public understanding of prostate cancer and conduct an early census. Early diagnosis and treatment to achieve high attention to prostate cancer. All medical institutions in Dalian should strengthen the screening of prostate cancer, introduce advanced prostate cancer screening techniques and equipment and correctly judge the population at high risk for prostate cancer screening. At the same time as soon as possible with the world to implement more advanced prostate cancer treatment.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R737.25

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