三种微创手术方式治疗肾结石的疗效分析
发布时间:2018-11-20 17:28
【摘要】:目的:探讨体外冲击波碎石术、输尿管软镜碎石术和经皮肾镜碎石术治疗肾结石的疗效对比。方法:对我院自2013年1月至2016年12月136例肾结石患者的临床治疗进行回顾性分析,入院后行泌尿系B超、尿路平片(KUB)、静脉肾盂造影(IVP)或双肾CT平扫等检查确诊。其中体外冲击波碎石(ESWL)组36例,输尿管软镜碎石术(FURL)组62例,经皮肾镜碎石术(PCNL)组38例。三组平均年龄分别为(43.61±13.42)岁、(43.68±13.1)岁、(44.37±13.65)岁;结石平均大小分别为(12.08±2.56)mm、(18.89±2.58)mm、(25.74±4.11)mm。将软镜组分为直径20mm和直径≥20mm两组,分别与ESWL及PCNL组比较,比较各组结石的手术时间、术中出血量、一次性结石清除率、术后住院时间、术后并发症情况。评价三种治疗方式治疗不同大小肾结石的临床疗效。结果:ESWL组的手术时间短于软镜组(直径20mm),两组比较有统计学差异(t=-7.40,P0.01);ESWL组的术后住院日短于软镜组,两组比较有统计学差异(t=-3.14,P=0.003);ESWL组术后并发感染3例(共36例),感染率为8.33%,软镜组术后并发感染4例(共30例),感染率为13.33%,两组比较无统计学差异(χ2=0.43,P=0.51);ESWL组1个月时结石残留2例(共36例),结石清除率为94.44%,软镜组1个月时结石残留2例(共30例),结石清除率为93.33%,两组比较无统计学差异(χ2=0.04,P=0.85)。软镜组(直径≥20mm)的手术时间长于经皮肾镜组,两组比较有统计学差异(t=2.39,P=0.02);软镜组的术中出血少于经皮肾镜组,两组比较有统计学差异(t=-6.27,P0.01);软镜组的术后住院日短于经皮肾镜组,两组比较有统计学差异(t=-8.46,P0.01);软镜组术后并发感染5例(共32例),感染率为15.63%,经皮肾镜组术后并发感染7例(共38例),感染率为18.42%,两组比较无统计学差异(χ2=0.096,P=0.76);软镜组1个月时结石残留9例(共32例),结石清除率为71.88%,经皮肾镜组1个月时结石残留3例(共38例),结石清除率为92.11%,经皮肾镜组结石清除率高于软镜组,两组比较有统计学差异(χ2=5.01,P=0.03)。结论:1.体外冲击波碎石仍是治疗直径20mm肾结石的主要方法之一,具有安全有效、方便低廉的优点。2.FURL治疗直径20mm的肾结石,一次性清除率高、住院时间短、恢复快,并发症发生率低,尤其适合治疗ESWL定位失败、碎石无效、ESWL及PCNL术后残留,直径20mm的肾结石。3.对直径大于20mm的肾结石而言,经皮肾镜下碎石术手术时间短、清石率高,但有一定的出血风险,可考虑首选;对于存在凝血功能异常、解剖结构异常、肾功能不全及穿刺困难的患者,输尿管软镜碎石术可作为主要手段。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare the effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, soft ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the treatment of renal calculi. Methods: the clinical treatment of 136 patients with renal calculi in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2016 was analyzed retrospectively. After admission, the patients were diagnosed by urography, (KUB), intravenous pyelography (IVP) or double kidney CT plain scan. Among them, 36 cases were treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), 62 cases with soft ureteral lithotripsy (FURL) and 38 cases with (PCNL) (percutaneous nephrolithotripsy). The mean age of the three groups was (43.61 卤13.42) years, (43.68 卤13.1) years, (44.37 卤13.65) years old, and the mean size of stones was (12.08 卤2.56) mm, (, 18.89 卤2.58) mm, (25.74 卤4.11) mm., respectively. The soft microscope group was divided into two groups: diameter 20mm group and diameter 鈮,
本文编号:2345528
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare the effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, soft ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the treatment of renal calculi. Methods: the clinical treatment of 136 patients with renal calculi in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2016 was analyzed retrospectively. After admission, the patients were diagnosed by urography, (KUB), intravenous pyelography (IVP) or double kidney CT plain scan. Among them, 36 cases were treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), 62 cases with soft ureteral lithotripsy (FURL) and 38 cases with (PCNL) (percutaneous nephrolithotripsy). The mean age of the three groups was (43.61 卤13.42) years, (43.68 卤13.1) years, (44.37 卤13.65) years old, and the mean size of stones was (12.08 卤2.56) mm, (, 18.89 卤2.58) mm, (25.74 卤4.11) mm., respectively. The soft microscope group was divided into two groups: diameter 20mm group and diameter 鈮,
本文编号:2345528
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