血管组织热物参数测试系统设计及实验研究
发布时间：2018-08-07 15:40
【摘要】：生物传热学是生物医学工程中的一个重要分支，生物组织的热物参数的准确测量对于正确理解生理学和病理学的现象，，对于构建生物体的传热模型有着重要的作用。在电外科血管闭合中，热量会沿着血管向组织方向传播，如果不加以控制，会对周围的组织和神经造成不可恢复的损伤。但目前关于生物血管的热物参数的研究还比较少，还不足以支撑血管闭合设备的开发和血管焊接温度的精确控制，因此对于血管热物参数的研究就显得十分必要。 文中首先介绍了稳态传热的基本概念，并在第二类边界条件下利用热阻的概念求解了稳态下平板和球壳的导热方程。在此基础上选择了采用平板法和单探针法对生物血管的热参数进行测量。平板法适用于测量整块组织的热物性参数，而探针法可以用于测量局部生物组织的热物性参数。并对实验数据的处理方法做出了改进。 本文采用微型热敏电阻作为测温元件，并利用单片机设计了温度采集系统实现了对温度信号的采集，编制了单片机控制程序及将采集的信号通过串口通信传输到上位机的程序。 进行了生物组织热物参数实验研究，使用已知热参数的材料进行装置测量曲线的标定，之后对猪的主动脉血管的热传导率和热扩散率进行了测量，使用平板法测得其热传导率为0.415W/mk；而使用单探针法测量的得到的热传导率为0.495W/mk，两种方法之间的差别可能是由于测量过程中组织的含水量和实验条件不同造成的。在不同温度下对血管的热传导率进行了测量，发现随着温度的升高血管的热传导率会随之小幅度增大，但组织的含水量下降时，热传导率下降非常明显。
[Abstract]:Bio-heat transfer is an important branch of biomedical engineering. The accurate measurement of thermal material parameters of biological tissue plays an important role in understanding the physiological and pathological phenomena correctly and in constructing the heat transfer model of organism. In electrosurgical vascular closure, heat is transmitted along the vessel to the tissue, which, if not controlled, can cause irreparable damage to the surrounding tissues and nerves. However, there are few researches on the thermal parameters of biological blood vessels, which are not enough to support the development of blood vessel closure equipment and the accurate control of blood vessel welding temperature, so it is very necessary to study the heat material parameters of blood vessels. In this paper, the basic concept of steady-state heat transfer is introduced, and the heat conduction equations of plate and spherical shell under the second kind of boundary condition are solved by the concept of thermal resistance. On this basis, the thermal parameters of biological blood vessels were measured by plate method and single probe method. The plate method can be used to measure the thermo-physical parameters of whole tissue, while the probe method can be used to measure the thermo-physical parameters of local biological tissue. The processing method of experimental data is improved. In this paper, the micro thermistor is used as the temperature measuring element, and the temperature acquisition system is designed by using the single chip microcomputer to collect the temperature signal. The control program of the single chip microcomputer and the program of transmitting the collected signal to the upper computer through the serial port communication are worked out. The experimental study on the thermal parameters of biological tissue was carried out, and the measurement curve was calibrated by using the material with known thermal parameters. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of porcine aortic vessels were measured. The thermal conductivity measured by plate method is 0.415W / mkand that by single probe method is 0.495W / mk. the difference between the two methods may be due to the difference between the water content of the tissue and the experimental conditions. The thermal conductivity of blood vessels was measured at different temperatures. It was found that the thermal conductivity of blood vessels would increase slightly with the increase of temperature, but when the water content of the tissue decreased, the heat conductivity would decrease obviously.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.03
本文编号：2170498
[Abstract]:Bio-heat transfer is an important branch of biomedical engineering. The accurate measurement of thermal material parameters of biological tissue plays an important role in understanding the physiological and pathological phenomena correctly and in constructing the heat transfer model of organism. In electrosurgical vascular closure, heat is transmitted along the vessel to the tissue, which, if not controlled, can cause irreparable damage to the surrounding tissues and nerves. However, there are few researches on the thermal parameters of biological blood vessels, which are not enough to support the development of blood vessel closure equipment and the accurate control of blood vessel welding temperature, so it is very necessary to study the heat material parameters of blood vessels. In this paper, the basic concept of steady-state heat transfer is introduced, and the heat conduction equations of plate and spherical shell under the second kind of boundary condition are solved by the concept of thermal resistance. On this basis, the thermal parameters of biological blood vessels were measured by plate method and single probe method. The plate method can be used to measure the thermo-physical parameters of whole tissue, while the probe method can be used to measure the thermo-physical parameters of local biological tissue. The processing method of experimental data is improved. In this paper, the micro thermistor is used as the temperature measuring element, and the temperature acquisition system is designed by using the single chip microcomputer to collect the temperature signal. The control program of the single chip microcomputer and the program of transmitting the collected signal to the upper computer through the serial port communication are worked out. The experimental study on the thermal parameters of biological tissue was carried out, and the measurement curve was calibrated by using the material with known thermal parameters. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of porcine aortic vessels were measured. The thermal conductivity measured by plate method is 0.415W / mkand that by single probe method is 0.495W / mk. the difference between the two methods may be due to the difference between the water content of the tissue and the experimental conditions. The thermal conductivity of blood vessels was measured at different temperatures. It was found that the thermal conductivity of blood vessels would increase slightly with the increase of temperature, but when the water content of the tissue decreased, the heat conductivity would decrease obviously.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.03
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