外泌小体内miRNA在多发性骨髓瘤进展中的作用及可能机制

发布时间：2018-02-16 10:01

本文关键词： 多发性骨髓瘤外泌小体 miR-a miR-b miR-　出处：《中国实验血液学杂志》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)是一种起源于B细胞系的浆细胞恶性增殖性疾病,位居血液系统恶性肿瘤发病率的第二位。尽管针对MM的治疗方法不断取得进展,但患者的生存率及预后仍然不理想。因此,进一步明确MM的发病机理,以求发现新的治疗方法提高生存率、改善预后显得尤为重要。现有的研究已证实,骨髓微环境在MM的发病及进展过程中起着重要作用,且肿瘤微环境可通过改变其内细胞分泌的外泌小体(exosome)所含物质(miRNA、mRNA及蛋白质)调控肿瘤细胞的生物学特性,促进肿瘤进展及转移,其中外泌小体所含的miRNA因具有抑癌基因和癌基因功能受到了广泛关注。现有研究结果显示,此种外泌小体所含miR-15a低表达,同/或miR-135b及miR-21高表达时,可通过调控一系列信号通路,如PI3K/Akt/eNOS/VEGF、FIH-HIF、MAPK/ERK/Ras等影响MM的发生发展,有望成为治疗MM的新靶点。本文就现有关于MM分泌的外泌小体所含miRNA在MM的发生发展中的作用及其可能的机制作一综述。
[Abstract]:Multiple myeloma multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative disease of plasmacyte derived from B cell line, ranking second in the incidence of hematologic malignancies. However, the survival rate and prognosis of the patients are still not satisfactory. Therefore, it is very important to further clarify the pathogenesis of MM in order to find a new treatment to improve the survival rate and improve the prognosis. Bone marrow microenvironment plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of MM, and tumor microenvironment can regulate the biological characteristics of tumor cells by altering the mRNA and protein of the exosome exosome secreted by its inner cells. To promote tumor progression and metastasis, miRNA contained in exocrine corpuscles has attracted wide attention for its function as tumor suppressor gene and oncogene. Current studies have shown that the exocrine corpuscles contain low expression of miR-15a, when miR-135b and miR-21 are highly expressed. It can affect the occurrence and development of MM by regulating a series of signal pathways, such as PI3K / Akt / eNOs / VEGFHIFFFH-HIFMAK / ERK / Ras, etc. It is expected to be a new target for the treatment of MM. This article reviews the role of miRNA in the pathogenesis and development of MM and its possible mechanism.
【作者单位】：南昌大学第二附属医院血液重点实验室;南昌大学研究生院医学部;
【基金】：江西省重大基础研究项目(20143ABC20005) 江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养对象项目(20142BCB22009) 南昌大学研究生创新专项资金项目(CX2015200)
【分类号】：R733.3

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