宣威肺癌高发与当地燃煤产物及电厂燃煤排放产物的关系研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 22:24

本文选题：肺癌 + 燃煤产物　；参考：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：华南晚二叠世是地质时期上一个重要成煤时期,滇东黔西地区的威宁、宣威、富源和盘县以西分布着丰富的晚二叠世煤炭资源,宣威肺癌高发区虎头村和贵州非肺癌区盘县老厂同属于华南晚二叠世成煤时期的宣威煤系中下段(龙潭组)。本文运用环境科学、医学地质学、矿物岩石学和细胞毒理学等相关原理,利用ICP-MS仪器对虎头村和老厂居民生活区的燃煤及其煤燃烧产物进行元素含量对比分析,并对宣威肺癌患者肺癌组织和电厂燃煤产物、电厂周围灰尘及PM10中元素含量进行测试和分析,通过以上分析研究,主要获得以下结论:1、经过调研宣威肺癌高发的来宾镇虎头村居民生活燃料主要使用是雁塘煤矿开采B3煤层,对照点非肺癌区贵州盘县老厂居民生活燃料主要来源于老厂煤矿开采17号煤层。(1)宣威虎头村B3煤样中Ca、V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Sr、Zn、Pr、Nd、La、Ce、Gd、Dy、Pb等元素含量均大于老厂煤矿17号的煤样。(2)宣威雁塘煤矿煤中元素富集程度高于老厂煤矿可能与煤形成过程中的火山活动有关;老厂煤中S的富集主要受煤形成过程中的海水的影响,As的富集与火山活动有关。2、分别在宣威肺癌高发区来宾镇虎头村和对照点非肺癌地区盘县老厂采集了厨房灰尘、卧室灰尘进行元素粒径检测。宣威卧室灰粒径小于10μm所占比例是宣威厨房灰的2倍,宣威卧室灰粒径小于2μm所占比例是宣威厨房灰的3倍左右,总体而言,卧室灰比厨房灰粒度小,女性和男性睡眠时间为8.3小时,均高于炉灶周围和其他活动时间,推测在卧室可吸入更多细颗粒物。宣威厨房灰尘、卧室灰尘都比老厂厨房灰尘、卧室灰尘粒径大,这可能导致宣威虎头村地区居民比老厂地区居民在室内吸入更多细颗粒物。3、采集虎头村和老厂农户炉灶灰、锅底灰、烟囱灰、室内灰尘进行元素含量检测。虎头村烟囱灰、室内灰、锅底灰、炉灶灰元素富集程度大于老厂,宣威虎头村4号农户主要使用的木材和烟煤来进行做饭的,而老厂4号农户使用烟煤作为燃料,其烟囱灰、室内灰、锅底灰、炉灶灰元素富集程度高于宣威虎头村,说明用烟煤作为燃料比烧柴更容易造成的大量元素富集。4、采集宣威电厂燃煤产物进行粒径和元素含量分析。(1)宣威电厂除尘器对粒径50μm的飞灰有较好的效果,而对粒径10μm的飞灰除尘效果较差,排入大气占78.09%,粒径在1-5μm飞灰排入大气占49.22%,尤其是对于粒径2μm除尘效果最低,最后排入到大气占38.09%。(2)对比宣威电厂燃煤过程中元素富集程度发现,由大到小为:飞灰3(经过四个除尘器的飞灰)底灰飞灰2(经过一个除尘器的飞灰)飞灰1(没有经过除尘器的飞灰),底灰元素含量仅次于飞灰3,说明煤燃烧过程中挥发比较少,基本保留在底灰中,飞灰3中Al、V、Co、N i、C u、As、Sn、Yb、U、Bi等元素含量远远大于底灰、飞灰2、飞灰1。5、宣威电厂周围灰尘及PM10中元素特征分析。(1)宣威火车站、革香河和虎头村的PM10夜晚元素浓度多数都大于白天的浓度,所有采样点PM10白天元素含量Na的浓度最高,Al、Ba、Ca、K、Zn、Ga元素浓度相对较高,Ba、K、Na、Zn、Ti、Cr、N i、Cu、As、Rb、Pb元素质量浓度在不同区域表现为火车站革香河虎头村。(2)对比4个采样点灰尘元素含量富集程度发现,Ca、Al、Ce、Cr、C u、Sr、Sn、V元素富集表现为宣威民中母家屯虎头村板桥镇,可以看出电厂污染物对下风向的来宾和虎头村地区的环境存在污染,且随着离电厂的距离越近,污染越严重。6、对照宣威肺癌患者肺癌组织的切片癌细胞观察,细胞中含有大量的颗粒物,大多数是以纳米粒径的颗粒物聚集。分别对宣威电厂燃煤排放到环境中的飞灰进行粒径与元素含量测试分析,粒径1-5μm飞灰排入大气占49.22%,颗粒物粒径2μm占38.09%,宣威燃煤电厂排入大气中飞灰(飞灰3)与肺癌组织元素含量在分布趋势上除个别元素含量外基本趋于一致,且飞灰3的元素含量基本高于肺癌组织,通过该对照分析,证明了电厂排放的烟尘对当地肺癌高发有影响,这是与前人研究成果得出不同的结论。宣威肺癌的高发可能与当地燃烧烟煤和电厂燃煤排放产物对其影响有关。
[Abstract]:The Late Permian in Southern China is an important period of coal formation in the geological period. Weining, Xuanwei, Fuyuan and the west of the Qianxi region of eastern Yunnan are rich in the coal resources of the Late Permian. It is the middle and lower section of Xuanwei coal system (Longtan group) in the late two fold coal formation period of Southern China in Xuanwei lung, the high incidence area of lung cancer in Xuanwei and Guizhou non lung cancer area Panxian old factory. Based on the principles of environmental science, medical geology, mineral petrology and cell toxicology, this paper makes use of ICP-MS instrument to compare the content of coal and coal combustion products in the living area of tiger head village and old factory, and to the coal burning products of lung cancer tissue and electric plant of Xuanwei lung cancer patients, the dust in the surrounding power plant and the elements in PM10 The content is tested and analyzed. Through the above analysis and research, the main conclusions are as follows: 1, the main use of the living fuel of the residents of tiger head village, which has high incidence of lung cancer, is the B3 coal mining in Yan Tang coal mine, and the living materials of the residents in Panxian old factory in Guizhou, the non lung cancer area, are mainly derived from the No. 17 coal seam mining in LAOCHANG coal mine. (1) The content of the elements such as Ca, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Zn, Pr, Nd, are all greater than the coal samples of No. 17 in the old coal mine. (2) the enrichment of elements in the coal mine of Xuanwei coal mine is higher than that in the old coal mine, and the enrichment of the coal in the old coal is mainly influenced by the seawater in the process of coal formation. The enrichment and volcanic activity related to.2, collected the kitchen dust in the Panxian old factory, Laibin village, the high incidence area of Xuanwei lung cancer, and the control point in the non lung cancer area of the control point. The dust of the bedroom was detected by the element particle size. The proportion of the ash size of the Xuanwei bedroom is less than 10 mu m, the proportion of the Xuanwei kitchen ash is 2 times, the proportion of the Xuanwei's bedroom ash size less than 2 mu m is declared. On the whole, the kitchen ash is about 3 times. In general, the bedroom ash is smaller than the kitchen ash, and the sleep time for women and men is 8.3 hours. It is higher than around the stove and other activities. It is presumed that more fine particles can be inhaled in the bedroom. The dust in the Xuanwei kitchen is more dust than the old factory kitchen, and the dust size of the bedroom is large, which may lead to the Xuanwei tiger. More fine particulate matter.3 was inhaled indoors in the village of the village of the head of the village, collecting the stove ash of the tiger head village and the old factory farmers, the dust of the bottom of the pot, the dust of the chimney and the indoor dust. The ash of the chimney of tiger head, the indoor ash, the bottom ash of the stove, the concentration of the ash element of the stove is larger than that of the old factory, the main wood used by the 4 farmers in Xuanwei village of Xuanwei. And bituminous coal for cooking, and old factory No. 4 farmers used bituminous coal as fuel, its chimney ash, indoor ash, pot bottom ash, furnace ash enrichment degree is higher than the Xuanwei Tiger Village, indicating that the use of bituminous coal as fuel is more likely to lead to a large number of elements enriched.4 than the burning of firewood, collection of coal products in Xuanwei Power Plant for particle size and element content analysis. (1) Xuan The dust collector of the power plant has a good effect on the fly ash with a particle size of 50 m, while the dust removal effect on the fly ash with a particle size of 10 mu is poor, the discharge into the atmosphere is 78.09%, the particle size is 49.22% in the atmosphere of 1-5 mu m fly ash, especially the lowest dust removal effect for the particle size 2 m. Finally, the enrichment degree of the element in the combustion process of the contrast Xuanwei Power Plant of 38.09%. (2) is discharged into the atmosphere. It is found that from large to small, fly ash 3 (fly ash through four dust remover) fly ash 2 (through a dust collector fly ash) fly ash 1 (without fly ash from dust collector), the content of bottom ash element is second only to fly ash 3, indicating that the volatilization of coal combustion is less in the process of coal combustion, and is basically kept in the bottom ash, Al, V, Co, N I, C u, As, Sn, Yb, U, Bi and other elements contained in fly ash 3 The quantity is far greater than the bottom ash, fly ash 2, fly ash 1.5, the analysis of the elements in the dust and PM10 around Xuanwei Power Plant. (1) the concentration of the elements in the PM10 night of the XuanWei Railway Station, the leather Xianghe and the tiger head village is most larger than the daytime concentration, and the concentration of Na in the daytime element content of all sampling points is the highest, Al, Ba, Ca, K, Zn, Ga elements are relatively high, Ba, K, Ba, K, Ba, Ba. The mass concentration of Cr, N I, Cu, As, Rb, Pb is shown in the different regions of Xianghe tiger head village of railway station. (2) the concentration of dust elements in the 4 sampling points is compared to the concentration of Ca, Al, Ce, Cr, and the enrichment of the elements is shown in the village of the village of Xuanwei village, Tuen Tiger Village, Tuen Tiger Village, the village of Xuanwei people. The environment is polluted, and the closer to the distance from the power plant, the more serious the pollution is.6. Compared with the tumor cells of lung cancer tissue from the lung cancer patients of Xuanwei lung cancer, there are a large number of particles in the cells. Most of the particles are aggregated with nanoparticles. The particle size and element content of the fly ash in Xuanwei Power Plant in the environment are measured respectively. The test analysis shows that the particle size of 1-5 m fly ash is 49.22%, the particle size is 2 mu m, and the particle size is 38.09%. The air fly ash (fly ash 3) in Xuanwei coal-fired power plant is basically consistent with the content of lung cancer tissue except for the content of individual elements, and the content of element content of fly ash 3 is higher than that of lung cancer tissue, and the electricity is proved by this control analysis. The smoke and dust discharged from the factory has an effect on the high incidence of local lung cancer. This is a conclusion different from the previous research results. The high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei may be related to the effect of burning coal and coal emission products from the local burning coal and power plant.

【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R734.2;X773

【相似文献】