儿童白血病的环境危险因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 17:49

本文选题：儿童 + 白血病　；参考：《郑州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:目前儿童白血病的病因和发病机制上尚不清楚,众多学者认为白血病的发生是环境因素和遗传因素共同作用的结果。本研究旨在探讨儿童白血病发生的环境危险因素,为儿童白血病的防治、病因和发病机制提供科学依据。方法:采用病例对照研究方法,于2014年4月至5月在河南省某3家医院募集现治的16岁以下白血病患儿168例;同期同医院在呼吸、中医或康复病区,募集16岁以下、排除其他肿瘤性疾病、血液性疾病、免疫性疾病的非CL对照儿童168例进入对照组。采用统一的问卷,以面对面访谈的方式进行调查。问卷包括一般人口学特征、患儿相关危险因素、母亲及父亲相关危险因素。先对潜在的影响因素用2c检验等方法作单因素分析的筛选,后作非条件多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:在单因素分析中,儿童常住地、出生体质量异常、娩出方式、淋巴/造血系统疾病家族史、住宅低频电磁场暴露史、住宅周围污染、X线或CT暴露史、儿童病前有毒有害化学制剂接触史、母亲文化程度、流产史、母亲孕前/孕期有毒有害化学剂接触史、父亲文化程度、父亲孕前X线或CT接触史和孕前有毒有害化学制剂接触史等14个因素有统计学意义(P0.05),其中患儿出生体重异常、淋巴/造血系统疾病家族史、住宅低频电磁场暴露史、住宅周围污染、病前有毒有害化学制剂接触史、母亲孕前/孕期有毒有害化学制剂接触史及父亲孕前有毒有害化学制剂接触史7项因素在多因素Logistic回归分析中有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:患儿出生体重异常、淋巴/造血系统疾病家族史、住宅低频电磁场暴露史、住宅周围污染、病前有毒有害化学制剂接触史、母亲孕前/孕期有毒有害化学制剂接触史及父亲孕前有毒有害化学制剂接触史可能会增加儿童白血病的发病风险。我们通过人为控制减少暴露的环境危险因素,降低儿童白血病的发病率和死亡率。
[Abstract]:Objective: at present, the etiology and pathogenesis of childhood leukemia are not clear, many scholars believe that the occurrence of leukemia is the result of environmental factors and genetic factors. The purpose of this study was to explore the environmental risk factors of childhood leukemia and to provide scientific basis for the prevention, treatment, etiology and pathogenesis of childhood leukemia. Methods: from April to May 2014, 168 children with leukemia under 16 years old were recruited from 3 hospitals in Henan Province, and were recruited under 16 years of age in the same hospital in respiratory, traditional Chinese medicine or rehabilitation area. 168 non-CL control children with other tumour, hematologic and immune diseases were excluded from the control group. A unified questionnaire was used to conduct the investigation in the form of face-to-face interview. The questionnaire included general demographic characteristics, risk factors related to children, mother and father related risk factors. The potential influencing factors were screened by single factor analysis by 2c test, and then by non conditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results: in univariate analysis, there were abnormal birth mass, birth delivery mode, family history of lymphatic / hematopoietic diseases, history of exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields in residence, exposure history of X-ray or CT exposure to contamination around residence. History of exposure to toxic and harmful chemicals before illness in children, education of mothers, history of miscarriage, history of exposure of toxic and harmful chemicals to mothers before / during pregnancy, education of fathers, There were 14 factors such as father's exposure history of X-ray or CT before pregnancy and exposure history of toxic and harmful chemicals before pregnancy. There were 14 factors such as abnormal birth weight, family history of lymphoid / hematopoietic diseases, history of exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields in residence. There were seven factors including the exposure history of toxic and harmful chemicals before illness, the exposure history of mother before pregnancy / pregnancy and the history of father's exposure to toxic and harmful chemicals before pregnancy. There were significant differences between the seven factors in multivariate Logistic regression analysis (P 0.05). Conclusion: abnormal birth weight, family history of lymphoid / hematopoietic diseases, history of exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields, pollution around the house, exposure to toxic and harmful chemicals before the disease. The history of exposure to toxic and harmful chemicals in the mother before / during pregnancy and in the father before pregnancy may increase the risk of leukemia in children. We reduce childhood leukemia morbidity and mortality by artificially controlling exposure to environmental risk factors.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R733.7

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