沙利度胺治疗食管癌的基础和临床研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 11:57
【摘要】：第一部分沙利度胺联合照射对人食管癌荷瘤鼠皮下移植瘤血管生成影响的研究目的:观察沙利度胺或(和)照射对人食管癌裸鼠移植瘤血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达以及血管生成的影响。方法:将32只人食管鳞癌移植瘤荷瘤裸鼠随机分为4组:对照组、沙利度胺组、照射组、照射+沙利度胺组,每组8只。照射组和照射+沙利度胺组荷瘤鼠肿瘤予6Me V电子线照射,照射剂量为20Gy/10f/12d,每周5次。沙利度胺组和照射+沙利度胺组每天胃灌注沙利度胺溶液一次(200mg/kg/d),连续12天。隔天对荷瘤鼠称重并测量肿瘤体积。照射后13天处死荷瘤鼠并计算肿瘤抑制率,用免疫组织化学法检测移植瘤瘤组织VEGF和微血管密度(MVD)的表达水平。结果:实验过程中,对照组和沙利度胺组瘤体体积逐步增长,对照组增长速度较快,照射组和照射+沙利度胺组瘤体体积先增长后缩小,照射+沙利度胺组缩小最显著。各组荷瘤鼠瘤体重量比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);照射+沙利度胺组抑瘤率最高,高达66.96%。沙利度胺的放射增敏比(SER)为1.56。析因分析显示,沙利度胺与照射对降低荷瘤鼠瘤体重量具有明显的协同作用(F照射×沙利度胺=4.266,P=0.048)。与照射组相比较,照射+沙利度胺组中裸鼠移植瘤组织中VEGF蛋白表达有所降低(P0.05);照射组MVD值高于照射+沙利度胺组(P0.05)。结论:沙利度胺联合照射可提高射线对人食管癌裸鼠移植瘤的杀伤作用;沙利度胺可降低放疗后瘤体内VEGF的表达、降低瘤体内微血管密度。第二部分食管癌放疗或放化疗中肿瘤病理反应和血清血管内皮生长因子变化对预后的影响目的:分析非手术食管癌患者放疗或放化疗过程中肿瘤组织病理反应和血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的变化及其对预后的影响。方法:对89例经病理证实的食管癌患者进行放疗,其中同步放化疗65例,单纯放疗24例;放疗方案:三维适形或调强放疗;化疗方案:脂质体紫杉醇+顺铂,同步化疗2周期,巩固化疗2周期。放疗第4周行胃镜检查,并取病理活检,病理反应根据放疗后肿瘤组织病理学特点分为轻度、中度、重度反应。在放疗前、放疗第4周、放疗结束后1周测定患者血清VEGF水平。另采集30例健康体检者血清作为对照组。结果:全组患者完全缓解(CR)率和部分缓解(PR)率分别为56.2%和40.4%,总有效率96.6%。全组1、2、3年生存(OS)率分别为70.8%、49.4%、33.3%,1、2、3年无进展生存(PFS)率分别为61.8%、35.3%、28.2%,1、2、3年局部控制(LC)率分别为76.9%、59.7%、50.0%。轻度病理反应组1、2、3年OS率均低于重度反应组(P均0.05);轻度病理反应组1、2、3年PFS率均低于中、重度反应组(P均0.05);轻度病理反应组1、2、3年LC率均低于中、重度反应组(P均0.05)。血清VEGF水平增高组1、2、3年OS率均低于降低组(P均0.05);增高组3年PFS率低于降低组(P0.05)。病理反应与放疗前血清VEGF水平、VEGF变化均无相关关系(P均0.05)。重度反应组放疗中、放疗后血清VEGF水平较放疗前下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析显示,TNM分期、VEGF变化是影响食管癌患者OS的独立因素(P均0.05)。结论:放疗或放化疗过程中肿瘤组织病理反应和血清VEGF变化可预测非手术食管癌的疗效,监测治疗中肿瘤组织病理反应和VEGF变化对指导临床个体化治疗有重要意义。第三部分食管癌放疗或放化疗中血清血管内皮生长因子变化规律及检测时机的研究目的:观察食管癌患者放疗或放化疗过程中血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的变化,探寻放疗或放化疗中血清VEGF变化规律以及其最佳检测时机。方法:76例食管癌患者行根治性放疗,其中53例行同期化疗,单纯放疗23例;放疗方案:三维适形或调强放疗;化疗方案:脂质体紫杉醇+顺铂,同步化疗2周期,巩固化疗2周期。放疗前、放疗中每周、放疗后1周内连续采集患者血清并测定VEGF水平。另采集30例健康体检者血清作为对照组。结果:食管癌患者不同时间点检测的血清VEGF水平均高于健康对照组(79.6±39.2)ng/L,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.165~3.896,P均0.05)。随着放疗进行,患者血清VEGF水平总体呈逐渐降低趋势(F=6.806,P=0.001)。放疗中血清VEGF水平跟放疗前比较,21例患者血清VEGF增高,增高时间大多在放疗第2、3周或放疗后1周内。结论:放疗第2、3周和放疗后1周内可能是筛选血清VEGF增高食管癌患者的较好时间窗,此时检测对指导临床个体化治疗有重要意义。第四部分沙利度胺联合放化疗治疗食管癌随机对照研究目的:评价沙利度胺联合放化疗治疗食管癌的安全性及疗效。方法:对食管鳞癌患者进行根治性放化疗。放疗方案:三维适形或调强放疗;化疗方案:脂质体紫杉醇+顺铂,同步化疗2周期,巩固化疗2周期。放疗前、放疗第2~4周、放疗结束后1周内测定患者血清VEGF水平。将血清VEGF水平增高的患者随机分为两组:试验组31例、对照组30例。试验组给予沙利度胺+放化疗,对照组行常规放化疗。结果:沙利度胺不良反应主要表现为不同程度嗜睡。全组患者完全缓解(CR)率和部分缓解(PR)率分别为68.9%和24.6%,总有效率为93.5%。51例患者完成治疗且随访资料齐全,其中试验组26例,对照组25例。全组1、2、3年生存(OS)率分别为70.6%、34.1%、22.5%;1、2、3年无进展生存(PFS)率分别为56.9%、29.5%、22.0%;1、2、3年局部控制(LC)率分别为81.0%、59.1%、52.6%。局部晚期患者(Ⅱ、Ⅲ期)分层分析显示,试验组患者3年OS率、3年PFS率、3年LC率均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05);两组局部晚期患者PFS曲线比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。放疗后与放疗中血清VEGF水平比较,试验组和对照组降低、稳定、增高的病例数分别为14、14、2例和6、18、6例,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。试验组放疗后血清VEGF降低患者1年OS率、1年PFS率和1、2、3年LC率均高于血清VEGF增高患者(P均0.05)。多因素分析显示:TNM分期是影响患者生存期的因素,TNM分期和放疗后是否有肿瘤残存是影响患者无进展生存期的因素。结论:沙利度胺可改善放疗中血清VEGF水平增高的局部晚期食管癌患者预后,其治疗毒副作用可耐受。
[Abstract]:The effect of thalidomide combined irradiation on the angiogenesis of subcutaneous transplanted tumor in human esophageal cancer mice: the effect of thalidomide or (and) irradiation on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis in human esophageal cancer xenografts in nude mice. Square method: 32 human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma xenografts were randomly assigned to nude mice It was divided into 4 groups: the control group, thalidomide group, irradiation group, and thalidomide group, 8 in each group. The tumor of the irradiated group and the thalidomide group was irradiated with 6Me V electron line, the dose was 20Gy/10f/12d and 5 times a week. The thalidomide group and the thalidomide group were injected with thalidomide once a day (200mg/kg/d), for 12 days. The tumor mice were weighed and measured the tumor volume every other day. The tumor mice were killed 13 days after irradiation and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The expression level of VEGF and microvascular density (MVD) was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: during the experiment, the volume of the tumor body in the control group and thalidomide group increased gradually, and the control group grew faster. The volume of the tumor in the group and the thalidomide group first increased and then reduced, and the most significant reduction in the irradiation + thalidomide group. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The rate of tumor suppressor in the thalidomide group was the highest, and the radiosensitivity ratio of 66.96%. thalidomide (SER) was 1.56. factorial analysis. Compared with the irradiated group, the expression of VEGF protein in the transplanted tumor tissues of the irradiated group was decreased (P0.05), and the MVD value of the irradiated group was higher than that of the irradiated group (P0.05). Conclusion: the combination of thalidomide and salidamide (P0.05) in the irradiated group was higher than that in the irradiated group (P0.05). Conclusion: the combined irradiation of thalidomide can improve the injection of MVD in the irradiated group. Conclusion: the combined irradiation of thalidomide can improve the radiation of the tumor in the irradiated group (P0.05). The killing effect of line on human esophageal carcinoma in nude mice; thalidomide can reduce the expression of VEGF in the tumor body after radiotherapy and decrease the microvascular density in the tumor. The effect of the pathological changes of tumor and serum vascular endothelial growth factor on the prognosis in second part of the radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy of esophageal cancer and the effect of the changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor on the prognosis: analysis of radiotherapy or radiotherapy for non operative esophageal cancer patients Changes in the pathological changes of tumor tissue and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during chemotherapy and its effect on the prognosis. Methods: 89 patients with pathologically confirmed esophageal cancer were treated with radiotherapy, including 65 cases of synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 24 cases of radiotherapy alone; radiotherapy scheme: three-dimensional conformal or intensity modulated radiation therapy; chemotherapy regimen: liposome paclitaxel + cisplatin, 2 cycles of chemotherapy and 2 cycles of chemotherapy were consolidated. Gastroscopy was performed for fourth weeks and pathological biopsy was taken for fourth weeks. The pathological changes were divided into mild, moderate and severe reaction according to the pathological features of the tumor after radiotherapy. Before radiotherapy, fourth weeks after radiotherapy and 1 weeks after radiotherapy, 30 cases of health examination were taken as control. Results: the rate of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) were 56.2% and 40.4%, respectively, and the total effective rate of 96.6%. was 70.8%, 49.4%, 33.3%, and 33.3%, and 1,2,3 was 61.8%, 35.3%, 28.2%, respectively, and the rate of LC was 76.9%, 59.7%, and 50.0%. mild pathological reaction group 1,2,3. The annual OS rate was lower than that in the severe reaction group (P 0.05), and the PFS rate in the mild pathological reaction group was lower than that in the medium and the severe reaction group (P was 0.05), and the LC rate of the mild pathological reaction group was lower than that of the moderate and severe reaction group (P 0.05). The OS rate of 1,2,3 year's 1,2,3 year in the serum VEGF group was lower than that in the lower group (P was 0.05), and the 3 year rate of the increased group was lower than that of the lower group. There was no correlation between the serum VEGF level and VEGF changes before radiotherapy (P 0.05). The serum VEGF level in the severe reaction group was lower than that before radiotherapy (P0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that TNM staging was an independent factor affecting OS in patients with tube cancer (P 0.05). Conclusion: Radiotherapy or chemoradiation The pathological response of tumor tissue and changes of serum VEGF in the course of treatment can predict the efficacy of non operative esophagus cancer. Monitoring the histopathological response and changes of VEGF in the treatment of cancer is of great significance for guiding clinical individualized treatment. The study on the changes of the serum vascular endothelial growth factor in third parts of the radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy of esophageal cancer and the timing of detection Objective: To observe the changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer, and to explore the change of serum VEGF in radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Methods: 76 cases of esophageal cancer patients were treated with radical radiotherapy, of which 53 cases were treated with the same stage chemotherapy, 23 cases were treated with radiotherapy alone; Intensity modulated radiation therapy; chemotherapy regimen: liposome paclitaxel + cisplatin, synchronous chemotherapy for 2 cycles and 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Before radiotherapy, the patient serum was collected and VEGF level was measured continuously within 1 weeks after radiotherapy. 30 cases of healthy persons were collected as control group. Results: the serum levels of VEGF in patients with tube cancer at different time points were all high In the healthy control group (79.6 + 39.2) ng/L, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.165~3.896, P 0.05). With the radiotherapy, the serum VEGF level of the patients was gradually decreasing (F=6.806, P=0.001). The serum VEGF level in the radiotherapy was compared with that before the radiotherapy. The serum VEGF increased in 21 patients, and the increase time was mostly at week 2,3 or 1 weeks after radiotherapy. Conclusion: 2,3 weeks and 1 weeks after radiotherapy may be a better time window for screening serum VEGF for patients with esophageal cancer. The detection is of great significance for guiding clinical individualized treatment. A randomized controlled study of thalidomide combined with radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer: evaluation of thalidomide combined with chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer Methods: radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Radiotherapy scheme: three dimensional conformal or intensity modulated radiation therapy; chemotherapy regimen: liposome paclitaxel + cisplatin, 2 cycles of chemotherapy, 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Before radiotherapy, week 2~4, and 1 weeks after radiotherapy, the serum level of patients is increased. The level of serum VEGF is increased. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 31 cases in the experimental group and 30 cases in the control group. The experimental group was given thalidomide plus chemotherapy, and the control group was treated with conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Results: the adverse reaction of thalidomide was mainly characterized by different degree of lethargy. The total remission rate and partial remission rate (PR) rate of the whole group were 68.9% and 24.6% respectively, and the total effective rate was 93.5%.51 patients. There were 26 cases in the experimental group and 25 cases in the control group. The 1,2,3 year survival (OS) rate was 70.6%, 34.1%, 22.5%, respectively, and the rate of PFS was 56.9%, 29.5%, and 22%, respectively, and 1,2,3 was 81%, 59.1%, and 1,2,3, respectively, in 1,2,3 years (II, stage III), and the experimental group 3 The annual OS rate, the 3 year PFS rate and the 3 year LC rate were all higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The PFS curve of the two groups of locally advanced patients was statistically significant (P0.05). Compared with the serum VEGF level in the radiotherapy, the experimental group and the control group were lower, stable, and increased, respectively, 14,14,2 cases and 6,18,6 cases respectively, the difference has unification. The study significance (P0.05). The 1 year OS rate of serum VEGF decreased in the experimental group, the 1 year PFS rate and the 1,2,3 year LC rate were higher than the serum VEGF increase (P 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that the TNM staging is the factor affecting the patient's survival time. The TNM staging and the residual tumor after radiotherapy are the factors affecting the patient's progression free survival. Conclusion: Sand Leidomide can improve the prognosis of locally advanced esophageal cancer patients with higher serum VEGF level in radiotherapy, and its side effects can be tolerated.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R735.1
本文编号：2119294
[Abstract]:The effect of thalidomide combined irradiation on the angiogenesis of subcutaneous transplanted tumor in human esophageal cancer mice: the effect of thalidomide or (and) irradiation on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis in human esophageal cancer xenografts in nude mice. Square method: 32 human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma xenografts were randomly assigned to nude mice It was divided into 4 groups: the control group, thalidomide group, irradiation group, and thalidomide group, 8 in each group. The tumor of the irradiated group and the thalidomide group was irradiated with 6Me V electron line, the dose was 20Gy/10f/12d and 5 times a week. The thalidomide group and the thalidomide group were injected with thalidomide once a day (200mg/kg/d), for 12 days. The tumor mice were weighed and measured the tumor volume every other day. The tumor mice were killed 13 days after irradiation and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The expression level of VEGF and microvascular density (MVD) was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: during the experiment, the volume of the tumor body in the control group and thalidomide group increased gradually, and the control group grew faster. The volume of the tumor in the group and the thalidomide group first increased and then reduced, and the most significant reduction in the irradiation + thalidomide group. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The rate of tumor suppressor in the thalidomide group was the highest, and the radiosensitivity ratio of 66.96%. thalidomide (SER) was 1.56. factorial analysis. Compared with the irradiated group, the expression of VEGF protein in the transplanted tumor tissues of the irradiated group was decreased (P0.05), and the MVD value of the irradiated group was higher than that of the irradiated group (P0.05). Conclusion: the combination of thalidomide and salidamide (P0.05) in the irradiated group was higher than that in the irradiated group (P0.05). Conclusion: the combined irradiation of thalidomide can improve the injection of MVD in the irradiated group. Conclusion: the combined irradiation of thalidomide can improve the radiation of the tumor in the irradiated group (P0.05). The killing effect of line on human esophageal carcinoma in nude mice; thalidomide can reduce the expression of VEGF in the tumor body after radiotherapy and decrease the microvascular density in the tumor. The effect of the pathological changes of tumor and serum vascular endothelial growth factor on the prognosis in second part of the radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy of esophageal cancer and the effect of the changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor on the prognosis: analysis of radiotherapy or radiotherapy for non operative esophageal cancer patients Changes in the pathological changes of tumor tissue and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during chemotherapy and its effect on the prognosis. Methods: 89 patients with pathologically confirmed esophageal cancer were treated with radiotherapy, including 65 cases of synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 24 cases of radiotherapy alone; radiotherapy scheme: three-dimensional conformal or intensity modulated radiation therapy; chemotherapy regimen: liposome paclitaxel + cisplatin, 2 cycles of chemotherapy and 2 cycles of chemotherapy were consolidated. Gastroscopy was performed for fourth weeks and pathological biopsy was taken for fourth weeks. The pathological changes were divided into mild, moderate and severe reaction according to the pathological features of the tumor after radiotherapy. Before radiotherapy, fourth weeks after radiotherapy and 1 weeks after radiotherapy, 30 cases of health examination were taken as control. Results: the rate of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) were 56.2% and 40.4%, respectively, and the total effective rate of 96.6%. was 70.8%, 49.4%, 33.3%, and 33.3%, and 1,2,3 was 61.8%, 35.3%, 28.2%, respectively, and the rate of LC was 76.9%, 59.7%, and 50.0%. mild pathological reaction group 1,2,3. The annual OS rate was lower than that in the severe reaction group (P 0.05), and the PFS rate in the mild pathological reaction group was lower than that in the medium and the severe reaction group (P was 0.05), and the LC rate of the mild pathological reaction group was lower than that of the moderate and severe reaction group (P 0.05). The OS rate of 1,2,3 year's 1,2,3 year in the serum VEGF group was lower than that in the lower group (P was 0.05), and the 3 year rate of the increased group was lower than that of the lower group. There was no correlation between the serum VEGF level and VEGF changes before radiotherapy (P 0.05). The serum VEGF level in the severe reaction group was lower than that before radiotherapy (P0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that TNM staging was an independent factor affecting OS in patients with tube cancer (P 0.05). Conclusion: Radiotherapy or chemoradiation The pathological response of tumor tissue and changes of serum VEGF in the course of treatment can predict the efficacy of non operative esophagus cancer. Monitoring the histopathological response and changes of VEGF in the treatment of cancer is of great significance for guiding clinical individualized treatment. The study on the changes of the serum vascular endothelial growth factor in third parts of the radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy of esophageal cancer and the timing of detection Objective: To observe the changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer, and to explore the change of serum VEGF in radiotherapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Methods: 76 cases of esophageal cancer patients were treated with radical radiotherapy, of which 53 cases were treated with the same stage chemotherapy, 23 cases were treated with radiotherapy alone; Intensity modulated radiation therapy; chemotherapy regimen: liposome paclitaxel + cisplatin, synchronous chemotherapy for 2 cycles and 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Before radiotherapy, the patient serum was collected and VEGF level was measured continuously within 1 weeks after radiotherapy. 30 cases of healthy persons were collected as control group. Results: the serum levels of VEGF in patients with tube cancer at different time points were all high In the healthy control group (79.6 + 39.2) ng/L, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.165~3.896, P 0.05). With the radiotherapy, the serum VEGF level of the patients was gradually decreasing (F=6.806, P=0.001). The serum VEGF level in the radiotherapy was compared with that before the radiotherapy. The serum VEGF increased in 21 patients, and the increase time was mostly at week 2,3 or 1 weeks after radiotherapy. Conclusion: 2,3 weeks and 1 weeks after radiotherapy may be a better time window for screening serum VEGF for patients with esophageal cancer. The detection is of great significance for guiding clinical individualized treatment. A randomized controlled study of thalidomide combined with radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer: evaluation of thalidomide combined with chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer Methods: radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Radiotherapy scheme: three dimensional conformal or intensity modulated radiation therapy; chemotherapy regimen: liposome paclitaxel + cisplatin, 2 cycles of chemotherapy, 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Before radiotherapy, week 2~4, and 1 weeks after radiotherapy, the serum level of patients is increased. The level of serum VEGF is increased. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 31 cases in the experimental group and 30 cases in the control group. The experimental group was given thalidomide plus chemotherapy, and the control group was treated with conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Results: the adverse reaction of thalidomide was mainly characterized by different degree of lethargy. The total remission rate and partial remission rate (PR) rate of the whole group were 68.9% and 24.6% respectively, and the total effective rate was 93.5%.51 patients. There were 26 cases in the experimental group and 25 cases in the control group. The 1,2,3 year survival (OS) rate was 70.6%, 34.1%, 22.5%, respectively, and the rate of PFS was 56.9%, 29.5%, and 22%, respectively, and 1,2,3 was 81%, 59.1%, and 1,2,3, respectively, in 1,2,3 years (II, stage III), and the experimental group 3 The annual OS rate, the 3 year PFS rate and the 3 year LC rate were all higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The PFS curve of the two groups of locally advanced patients was statistically significant (P0.05). Compared with the serum VEGF level in the radiotherapy, the experimental group and the control group were lower, stable, and increased, respectively, 14,14,2 cases and 6,18,6 cases respectively, the difference has unification. The study significance (P0.05). The 1 year OS rate of serum VEGF decreased in the experimental group, the 1 year PFS rate and the 1,2,3 year LC rate were higher than the serum VEGF increase (P 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that the TNM staging is the factor affecting the patient's survival time. The TNM staging and the residual tumor after radiotherapy are the factors affecting the patient's progression free survival. Conclusion: Sand Leidomide can improve the prognosis of locally advanced esophageal cancer patients with higher serum VEGF level in radiotherapy, and its side effects can be tolerated.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R735.1
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