肺部结节诊疗的研究进展—附121例肺部结节术后回顾性分析

发布时间：2018-07-25 18:39

【摘要】：随着影像学技术的发展，肺部结节的检出率在不断提高，肺部结节是多数肺癌影像学的早期表现，，因此在肺癌的早期诊断中，对于结节性质的判断将格外重要。如何通过影像学对肺部结节做出准确的诊断，是一个医学界公认的挑战性课题，尤其是早期鉴别肺部结节的良、恶性对于临床进一步治疗具有重要意义。目前肺癌的发病年龄趋于年轻化，尽早确定肺部结节的性质则更加困难，应用多种诊断方法各有利弊,如何通过现有的临床诊断手段，能够明确肺部结节的良恶性性质，即减小良性疾病的医疗风险，又不能延误恶性肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗，是目前临床医学需要解决的问题。目前肺癌死亡的总人数排在各类恶性肿瘤的首位，已然成为人类最主要的死亡原因之一，近年来各国肺癌发病率和死亡率均呈明显上升趋势，其发病率及死亡率均位居第一位。随着高分辨率CT的应用与普及，我们可以通过肺部结节影像学特征做出判定。虽然影像学检查常常在肺部结节的诊断中能够发挥重要的作用，但仍不能仅仅依据影像学特点来得出诊断结论。在这篇文章中我们通过回顾性分析我院胸外科2012年1月至2015年1月，经手术治疗、病理明确诊断的121例肺部结节的病例进行分析，将肺部结节影像学特点及治疗方案的选择进行归类和分析，为临床能够更好的早期判断及治疗恶性肺部结节，以及减少肺部良性结节手术治疗带来的损伤，提供依据。
[Abstract]:With the development of imaging technology, the detection rate of pulmonary nodules is increasing, pulmonary nodules are the early imaging manifestations of most lung cancer, so in the early diagnosis of lung cancer, it will be particularly important to judge the nature of nodules. How to make accurate diagnosis of pulmonary nodules by imaging is a challenging subject in medical field, especially the early differentiation of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules is of great significance for further clinical treatment. At present, the onset age of lung cancer tends to be younger, so it is more difficult to determine the nature of pulmonary nodules as soon as possible. There are advantages and disadvantages in using various diagnostic methods. How to make clear the benign and malignant nature of lung nodules through existing clinical diagnostic methods? It is necessary to reduce the medical risk of benign diseases and delay the early diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. At present, the total number of lung cancer deaths ranks first among all kinds of malignant tumors, and has become one of the most important causes of death. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in various countries are obviously rising, and their morbidity and mortality are the first. With the application and popularization of high-resolution CT, we can judge by the imaging features of pulmonary nodules. Although imaging examination can often play an important role in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, it can not only be based on the characteristics of imaging diagnosis. In this article, we retrospectively analyzed 121 cases of pulmonary nodules diagnosed by surgical treatment and pathology from January 2012 to January 2015. The imaging features of pulmonary nodules and the choice of treatment schemes are classified and analyzed, which can provide evidence for early diagnosis and treatment of malignant pulmonary nodules, and for reducing the injury caused by surgical treatment of benign pulmonary nodules.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R734.2

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