藏中医脉诊方法比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 22:18

本文选题：藏医学　切入点：中医学　出处：《青海大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的:脉诊是藏中医诊断疾病的重要手段,也是共同研究的精髓。藏医历史悠久的经典著作《月王药诊》、《四部医典》中都有详细的脉诊方法记载;而中医现存记载最早有《黄帝内经》、《脉经》等,其两大传统医学的脉诊都具有系统化的理论体系和有效的临床价值。因此,在中华医学宝库中脉诊是一颗璀璨的明珠,为世界传统医学界所瞩目。藏中医脉诊方法比较研究不但有历史文献意义,而且也有改进各自缺点,提高诊疗水平,也更好地服务于人类。但在进一步学习脉诊方法的过程中,两者对“脉”的认知、“冲”“甘”“恰”下脏腑的归纳、脉诊部位、时间、轻重法等存在着差异,这也是本文研究的核心目的。对此,本文分为三个方面逐一进行分析:1、对两大传统医学体系中脉诊方法相对应的内容进行对照,比较其异同,分析其含义,探讨其关系;2、按时间先后的顺序,研究藏医医学体系中脉诊方法理论知识的发展轨迹;3、通过探讨各自独特的理论体系发现各自不同的特点;同时分析中医脉诊方法的特长之处,以不断改进和提高藏医脉诊方法的理论体系和实用价值。研究方法:本文主要采用了文献研究和文献比较法;1、纵向文献比较法:查阅藏医经典古籍自公元八世纪的《月王药诊》至二十一世纪的《香扎·尕布藏临床经验汇总》,搜集藏医脉诊方法理论知识的相关资料;2、横向文献比较法:对藏中医脉诊方法的文献内容进行对比,分析各自独特的特点。研究结论:两大脉诊医学体系存在着不同地域差异,又根基于不同的文化背景,决定了二者必然具有脉诊方法的差异;二者对“脉”认知基本相似,但是藏医用“五元学”原理来阐述形成的主要原因;而中医脉诊则没有;另外藏医脉的分类有动脉、静脉、神经三种,符合现代医学的分类,分类明确,对此具有更深的研究价值。而中医学根据腧穴分经脉和络脉,也统称为经络系统。藏中医脉诊方法中“男左女右”观点不同,前者认为据藏医《深奥医道》心脏的尖部有一孔窍,女子的该窍略朝右侧,男子的孔窍略朝左侧,又引用著名藏医药学家帝玛尔丹增平措的观点证明了女性的“冲”脉与男性反而侯之与上述“男左女右”观点一致,这也是藏医脉诊方法的一大特点。而后者认为先诊“男左女右”观点是据中医阴阳学说原理形成的,但现在一般无男女之别。藏医脉诊中的“冲”“甘”“恰”三词是分别指人的食指、中指、无名指肚,腕后第一横纹处,向下量一寸,于骨头突起边,用食指指肚(冲)按诊命名为“冲”;二寸处用无名指指肚(恰)按诊命名为“恰”;食指与无名指之间用中指指肚(甘)按诊命名为“甘”;这三个词也有各自单层面的意思,至今在藏族牧区日常生活中非常常用。中医把寸口分寸关尺三部,且指患者的脉。俗话说“发展是第一要义”,同样藏医脉诊理论也符合历史发展的规律。如藏医脉诊方法中按脉手法轻重的发展轨迹,从现存最早的《月王药诊》中三指平坦放置并压;后《四部医典》中脉由浅渐深、肌肉由薄渐厚,“冲”轻按皮肤、“甘”适按肌肉、“恰”重按至骨面,三指梯次按之;后吉沃迈拉继承按诊前提中对沉脉、空脉、浮脉等不同脉象进行举诊。之后西热尼玛华、居米旁在《四部医典》的精华加以各自菽重按脉的秘诀,将按脉法深入细化;最后释迦大师洛藏丹巴切排将前面的按脉法进行总结,如“知脉象和脉数,则按脉手法无别”,从而形成了这部名副其实的脉诊方法,也为丰富我国传统医学的研究领域作出了巨大的贡献。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the pulse diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine is an important means to hide the disease, but also the common research. The essence of Tibetan medicine has a long history of classic Yuewangyaozhen < < > >, four medical Tantras have records with the diagnostic method of TCM; and the existing record of the earliest "Neijing maijing >, < >. The theoretical system of the two traditional medicine pulse has a systematic and effective clinical value. Therefore, the Chinese medicine pulse diagnosis is a bright pearl, attracted the attention of the world traditional medicine. Tibet TCM comparative research method not only has the historical significance of literature, but also improve their shortcomings, improve the level of diagnosis and treatment, also to better serve human beings. But in the process of further study the pulse method, their perception of" pulse "," red "and" sweet "" just "viscera induction, pulse position, time, degree of law have difference, this is also this article The core purpose of the study. Therefore, this paper is divided into three aspects: 1, to analyze the diagnostic method of two traditional medicine system corresponding to the contents of the control, and compare their similarities and differences, analysis of its meaning, and explore their relationship; 2, according to the time sequence, the diagnostic method of development of knowledge theory research of Tibetan medicine medical system; 3, through the discussion of their own theoretical system found different characteristics; at the same time analysis methods of pulse in Chinese medicine specialty, so as to continuously improve and improve the diagnostic method of Tibetan medicine theory system and practical value. This paper mainly adopts literature research and literature comparison; 1 longitudinal comparison method, literature refer to: Tibetan classics since the eighth Century < Yuewangyaozhen > < to twenty-first Century - Xiangzha Garbo clinical experience summary > Tibet, Tibetan medicine diagnostic method of theoretical knowledge to collect relevant information; 2, the transverse With comparison method, literature content of Tibetan TCM method were compared, analysis of their unique characteristics. Conclusion: different regional differences exist two pulse medical system, and based on different cultural background determines the difference between the two is bound to the pulse method; two to the "pulse" cognitive similar. But the main reason for Tibetan medical "five yuan" principle to explain the formation of TCM; and there is no other Tibetan; veins classification of arteries, veins, nerves of three, in line with modern medical classification, classification clear, this has more deep research value. But the traditional Chinese medicine according to the acupoints of channels and collaterals are divided. Referred to as the meridian system. Tibet TCM Method "Nanzuonvyou" point of view is different, the former that according to the tip of the Tibetan esoteric medical < a > cardiac orifice, the woman body slightly toward the right, the hole man slightly towards the left, and With the famous Tibetan medicine expert Te Mardana Kapinto that women and men instead of "red" pulse and the Hou "Nanzuonvyou" view, which is a major feature of Tibetan medicine diagnostic method. The latter think that the first diagnosis "Nanzuonvyou" view is formed according to the principle of yin and yang theory, but now generally no gender. Tibetan medicine diagnosis and the "red" "sweet" and "just" three words are respectively refers to the index finger, middle finger, ring finger belly, wrist stripes at first, down to one inch, bone protruding edge, with the index finger belly (red) named palpation "red"; ring finger stomach with two inches (exactly) palpation named "just"; index finger and ring finger between the middle finger belly (Gansu) palpation named "sweet"; these three words have their own single meanings, so far in the Tibetan areas in daily life is very common. In medicine the Cunkou Guan Chi. Three, and refers to patients with pulse. As the saying goes "development is the first prerequisite", the same pulsology in Tibetan medicine theory also comply with the law of historical development. As the development track of Tibetan medicine diagnostic method in the severity of the massage technique, from < Yuewangyaozhen > the earliest extant in three refers to the flat position and press < four; after code > midrib from shallow to deep, thin muscle by gradually thick, red light according to the skin, "Gan". According to the muscles, "just" according to the bone surface, according to the three echelon; after palpation of the premise Jiwomaila inherited deep pulse, empty pulse, floating pulse pulse for different diagnosis. After Sige Nima Hua, the secret Jumi beside the essence of < > to each of the four medical Tantras Shu heavy sphygmopalpation sphygmopalpation, will further refine; finally, master Luo Tibet Danba Sakyamuni cutting will sphygmopalpation front were summarized, such as "knowledge of pulse and pulse number, pulse technique is no different, thus forming a" this is the deputy party pulse The law has also made great contributions to the research field of traditional medicine in China.

【学位授予单位】：青海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R29

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