青少年罪犯人格特征与犯罪相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-02-26 20:06

本文关键词： 青少年罪犯人格特征家庭环境 Zuckerman-Kuhlman人格问卷　出处：《中南大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的：了解青少年罪犯的人格特征及其与犯罪相关的因素,为青少年犯罪的预防与干预提供思路与信息。方法：2009年3月-8月,以青少年罪犯和同龄中学生作为目标人群,采用随机整群抽样的方法,从湖南省某未成年犯管教所、湖南省某女子监狱抽取青少年罪犯作为研究对象,从湖南省长沙市及城郊三所普通中学抽取中学生作为对照组。对所有入组的青少年罪犯和中学生统一发放Zuckerman-Kuhlman人格问卷(ZKPQ)和自编一般情况调查表,开展调查。青少年罪犯共发放问卷330份,收回313份,实际有效问卷275份,有效率87.6%；中学生共发放问卷480份,收回446份,实际有效问卷413份,有效率92.6%。结果：一般资料分析发现：62.2%的青少年罪犯来自农村,其中小学或初中文化程度占94.9%,入所前在校生仅占17.8%,95.6%的罪犯为第一次服刑。人格特征比较结果显示：(1)青少年罪犯在冲动性感觉寻求(F=5.60,P=0.018)、攻击-敌意(F=8.20,P=0.004)、神经质-焦虑(F=5.37,P=0.021)因子得分上明显高于中学生,而在活动性因子得分上显著低于中学生(F=4.08,P=0.044)；(2)男性青少年罪犯在攻击-敌意(t=-2.19,P=0.030)、活动性(t=2.14,P=0.033)因子得分上显著高于女性；(3)18岁以下的青少年罪犯在社会性(t=-2.65,P=0.009)因子得分上显著高于18岁及以上的；(4)来自城市的青少年罪犯在活动性(F=2.97,P=0.048)因子得分上显著高于来自县城的,而与来自农村的差异不显著；来自城市的青少年罪犯在社会性(F=3.25,P=0.037)因子得分上显著高于来自县城和农村的；(5)高中文化程度的青少年罪犯在神经质-焦虑(F=3.27,P=0.043)因子的得分上显著低于小学、初中文化程度的；初中文化程度的青少年罪犯在活动性(F=3.23,P=0.044)因子的得分上显著低于小学文化程度的,与高中文化程度的无差异；初中文化程度的青少年罪犯在社会性(F=4.33,P=0.014)因子的得分上显著低于小学、高中文化程度的。犯罪相关因素分析结果发现：青少年罪犯在攻击-敌意因子得分方面与判处的刑期呈负相关；青少年罪犯组家庭结构(x2=56.02,P=0.000)不完整、逃学(x2=348.84,P=0.000)、吸烟(x2=226.76,P=0.000)、喝酒(x2=27.65,P=0.000)、认为人与人是互相利用(x2=78.98,P=0.000)的比率高于中学生组；青少年罪犯组与父亲(x2=30.79,P=0.000)、母亲(x2=28.43,P=0.000)关系亲密的比率低于中学生组。结论：(1)青少年罪犯具有高冲动感觉寻求、高神经质-焦虑、高攻击-敌意、低活动性的人格特征；(2)青少年犯罪严重程度与攻击-敌意人格特征有关；(3)家庭环境及教育方式与青少年犯罪有一定的关系。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the personality characteristics of juvenile delinquents and the factors related to crime, and to provide ideas and information for the prevention and intervention of juvenile delinquency. Methods: from March 2009 to August, juvenile delinquents and middle school students of the same age were selected from a juvenile prison in Hunan province, and juvenile criminals were selected from a juvenile prison in Hunan province. Middle school students were selected from three ordinary middle schools in Changsha city and suburb of Hunan province as control group. Zuckerman-Kuhlman personality questionnaire (ZKPQ) and self-designed general questionnaire were distributed to all the young offenders and middle school students. A total of 330 questionnaires were sent out by juvenile delinquents, 313 were collected, 275 were actually valid, and the effective rate was 87.6; the middle school students sent out 480 questionnaires, 446 were collected, 413 were actually valid, with an effective rate of 92.66.6. Results: according to the analysis of general data, 62.2% of juvenile delinquents come from rural areas. Primary or junior middle school education accounted for 94.9% of them, and only 17.8% or 95.6% of the former students served their first sentence. A comparison of personality traits showed that young offenders seek F5.60 P0.018 in impulsive sensation, aggression and hostility in 8.20, P0.004, neuroticism and anxiety in 5.37, P0. 021). The factor score was significantly higher than that of middle school students. The scores of activity factor were significantly lower than those of middle school students (4.08%, P 0.044)) male juvenile offenders scored significantly higher in the scores of aggression, hostility, activity, activity, and activity, and young offenders under the age of 18 had a significantly higher score in social factor t0. 009 (P = 0. 009) than that of young offenders under the age of 18 (P = 0. 009) in the scores of aggression, hostility, hostility, activity, and activity, which were significantly higher than those of young offenders under the age of 18. The scores of the factors of aggression and hostility were significantly higher than those of young offenders under the age of 18. Young offenders from urban areas scored significantly higher in the factor scores of active FF2.97 and P0. 048) than those from county towns. But the difference from the rural areas is not significant; The scores of social factors of juvenile delinquents from urban areas were significantly higher than those of high school students from counties and rural areas, and the scores of neuroticism and anxiety were significantly lower than those of primary schools and junior middle schools. The scores of activity factor of juvenile delinquents in junior middle school were significantly lower than those in primary school and high school education, and the scores of social factors of youth offenders with junior middle school education were significantly lower than that of primary school. The results of the analysis of the factors related to crime in senior high school showed that the score of aggression and hostility factor was negatively correlated with the sentence imposed by the juvenile offender, and the family structure of the juvenile offender group was not complete, and the family structure of the juvenile offender group was 56.02% P0. 000). The ratio of playing truant to school was higher than that of middle school students, and the ratio of youth delinquent group and father group was lower than that of middle school students group. The rate of intimate relationship between juvenile delinquent group and father group was lower than that of middle school student group. Conclusion 1) Juvenile delinquents have high impulsive feeling seeking, high neuroticism and anxiety, high aggression and hostility. (2) the severity of juvenile delinquency is related to aggressive and hostile personality. 3) Family environment and educational style are related to juvenile delinquency.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：C913.5

【引证文献】