ZG市诈骗犯罪的时空分布与影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-02 19:12

本文选题：ZG市　切入点：诈骗犯罪　出处：《地理学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：诈骗犯罪是现代城市中亟待解决的一大社会难题。现有研究多从社会学角度,基于微观层次探讨影响诈骗受害的个人属性特征,缺乏从地理学视角对诈骗受害者生存环境中的中宏观层次因素的考虑。本文基于犯罪地理学视角,综合运用平均最近邻、核密度以及负二项回归等研究方法,对ZG市5类诈骗警情的时空分布特征和基于建成环境与社会环境两大维度的影响因素进行了深入探讨。结果表明:1各类诈骗的时间分布规律各异,但整体上呈现出工作日高于休息日、下午或晚上高于上午、凌晨时段为最低的特征;2和其他类型的城市犯罪类似,诈骗犯罪整体呈现出与老城区距离衰减的"多中心"显著性集聚特征;各类型诈骗热点的空间分布大同小异,多分布在城市的老城区、CBD、火(汽)车站、城中村或高校布局的周边地带;3各类诈骗犯罪的空间分布影响因素各异,但整体表现出与银行网点、旅游景点、道路密度、土地利用混合度、高校等建成环境因素高度相关;与购买商品房家庭占比、受教育水平、人口老龄化和城镇化水平等社会环境显著相关的特性。本文拓展了犯罪地理学领域对诈骗犯罪的研究成果,证实了各类诈骗犯罪符合日常活动理论的理论假设,对诈骗受害情景预防具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Fraud crime is a social problem that needs to be solved urgently in modern cities. From the angle of sociology and on the basis of microcosmic level, the existing researches discuss the characteristics of personal attributes that affect the victimization of fraud. This paper, based on the perspective of criminal geography, uses the methods of average nearest neighbor, nuclear density and negative binomial regression. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of five types of fraud police in ZG city and the influencing factors based on the two dimensions of built environment and social environment are discussed in depth. The results show that the time distribution of different types of fraud is different. But overall it appears that the working day is higher than the rest day, that the afternoon or evening is higher than the morning, and that the lowest characteristic in the early hours of the morning is similar to other types of urban crime. The whole crime of fraud shows the characteristic of "multi-center" significant agglomeration with the distance attenuation of the old city, and the spatial distribution of all kinds of fraud hotspots is much the same, most of them are distributed in the old urban area of the city, such as CBD, fire (steam) station, The spatial distribution factors of the three kinds of fraud crimes are different, but they are highly related to the bank network, tourist attractions, road density, land use mix degree, university and so on. This paper develops the research results of fraud crime in the field of criminal geography, which is significantly related to the social environment, such as the proportion of families buying commercial housing, education level, aging population and urbanization level. It proves that all kinds of fraud crime accord with the theoretical hypothesis of daily activity theory, and it is of great significance to the prevention of fraud victimization scenario.
【作者单位】：中山大学地理科学与规划学院综合地理信息研究中心;辛辛那提大学地理系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41531178);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(41522104);国家自然科学基金项目(41171140) 广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(2014A030312010) 广东省科技计划项目(2015A020217003)~~
【分类号】：D917.3

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