铁路货车危化品运输安全监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-03-17 20:17

本文选题：危化品运输　切入点：压缩空气发电　出处：《太原科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着化工行业的快速发展,铁路货运以其运输成本低、运输能力强等优点成为运输危化品的重要方式。在运输过程中,危化品容易受自身特性和环境因素的影响,危险性较高,对危化品的运输状态进行实时有效的监测,能够及时发现其潜在的安全隐患,有效提高运输的安全性和可靠性。目前,供电问题是制约危化品铁路运输监测技术发展的主要因素,本文通过解决供电问题,对危化品铁路运输安全监测系统进行了研究,其主要工作如下:(1)针对铁路货车车厢发电成本高、供电困难的问题,提出一种基于自适应控制的微型压缩空气发电装置。该装置在确保铁路货车运输安全的前提下,科学利用储存在铁路货车气路系统中的压缩空气,并且结合滑模控制和PI控制法,实现了货车车厢的可靠发电,为监测系统提供了可靠的能源保障。(2)对铁路货车危化品监测系统的车厢终端、驾驶室信息中转站、远程监控中心以及三者之间的通讯方式进行设计。首先,车厢终端的传感器采集危化品状态信息,并通过ZigBee近距离无线通讯方式发送至驾驶室。其次,驾驶室信息中转站通过GPS实现列车定位,采用基于ARM核心的STM32控制器对铁路货车终端进行总控,利用基于AVR核心的ATmega32控制器实现语音告警功能。最后,通过GPRS/GSM远程无线通讯方式,将定位信息及危化品状态信息发送至远程控制中心实现实时性监控。(3)通过MATLAB仿真实验以及实物测试,验证了系统供电方法的正确性和有效性;并开发上位机界面,验证了该系统功能完备,使用方便,满足应用需求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of chemical industry, railway freight has become an important way to transport dangerous chemicals because of its advantages of low transportation cost and strong transportation capacity. In the process of transportation, dangerous chemicals are easily affected by their own characteristics and environmental factors. Monitoring the transportation status of dangerous chemicals in real time and effectively can timely discover its potential safety risks, and effectively improve the safety and reliability of transportation. At present, The power supply problem is the main factor that restricts the development of dangerous chemicals railway transportation monitoring technology. This paper studies the safety monitoring system of dangerous chemicals railway transportation by solving the power supply problem. The main work is as follows: (1) aiming at the problems of high power cost and difficult power supply in railway freight cars, a miniature compressed air power generation device based on adaptive control is proposed. Using compressed air stored in railway freight car air system scientifically, and combining sliding mode control and Pi control method, the reliable power generation of freight car is realized. It provides reliable energy security for monitoring system. It designs the terminal of railway truck dangerous chemicals monitoring system, cab information transfer station, remote monitoring center and communication mode among them. The sensors at the end of the car collect the status information of dangerous chemicals and send it to the cab via ZigBee short distance wireless communication. Secondly, the cab information transfer station realizes the train positioning through GPS. The STM32 controller based on the core of ARM is used to control the terminal of railway freight car, and the ATmega32 controller based on the core of AVR is used to realize the function of voice alarm. Finally, the remote wireless communication mode of GPRS/GSM is adopted. The location information and the status information of dangerous chemicals are sent to the remote control center to realize real-time monitoring. The validity and validity of the power supply method of the system are verified by the MATLAB simulation experiment and the physical test, and the upper computer interface is developed. It is verified that the system has the advantages of complete function, convenient use and satisfying the application requirement.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D631.5

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