城市规划、建筑设计与犯罪预防

发布时间：2018-03-20 02:14

本文选题：城市规划　切入点：建筑设计　出处：《复旦大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当代社会的刑事犯罪,高度集中在城市,使得城市犯罪拥有了固有的空间分布特征和强烈的城市空间色彩。因此,其空间行为的特征和分布理所当然地引起了现代犯罪学研究的关注。在城市犯罪预防的领域,利用城市规划、建筑设计中通过对城市空间环境的优化可以达到减少犯罪的目的。通过对城市规划和建筑物的设计以及它们所组成的空间环境进行客观分析,能够比较容易的改善城市的犯罪生态环境和地理环境,从而进一步的预防城市犯罪的产生。本文以城市空间特征为视角,结合国内外相关的犯罪学、城市规划、建筑设计等方面的研究,综合运用犯罪学中的“机会论”和规划设计中的通过环境设计预防犯罪(CPTED, Crime Prevention Through Environmental design)理论,选取上海市虹口区这一典型城区的多发性城市犯罪为研究对象,对多发性城市犯罪的城市的空间环境特征进行客观分析,确定城市空间环境因素对预防犯罪影响的程度和方式。本文依托上海市公安局警务信息系统,收集了虹口区抢劫、抢夺、入室盗窃、扒窃等多发性刑事案件以及卖淫嫖娼、吸毒、贩毒等城区常见治安案件的数据,从居住区、公共建筑、交通建筑等三个层次进行分析处理,进而研究城市空间和犯罪发生之间的联系和规律,尝试提出在城市规划和建筑设计过程中进行必要的调控,达到有效预防犯罪的作用。
[Abstract]:The criminal crime of contemporary society is highly concentrated in the city, which makes the urban crime have the inherent spatial distribution characteristic and the strong urban space color. The characteristics and distribution of its spatial behavior have rightly attracted the attention of modern criminology. In the field of urban crime prevention, urban planning is used, In architectural design, the aim of reducing crime can be achieved by optimizing the urban space environment. Through the objective analysis of the urban planning, the design of buildings and the space environment that they constitute, Can easily improve the urban crime ecological environment and geographical environment, so as to further prevent the emergence of urban crime. In this paper, from the perspective of urban spatial characteristics, combined with the relevant criminology, urban planning at home and abroad, The research of architectural design and so on, synthetically applies the "opportunity theory" in criminology and the theory of Crime Prevention Through Environmental design through environmental design to prevent crime in planning and design. Taking the multiple urban crime in Hongkou District of Shanghai as the research object, the spatial environmental characteristics of the city with multiple urban crime are analyzed objectively. This paper, relying on the police information system of Shanghai Public Security Bureau, collected multiple criminal cases such as robbery, seizure, burglary, pickpocketing, prostitution and prostitution in Hongkou District. The data of common public order cases in urban areas, such as drug abuse and drug trafficking, are analyzed and processed from the three levels of residential area, public building and traffic building, and the relationship and law between urban space and crime are studied. This paper tries to put forward the necessary regulation and control in the process of urban planning and architectural design to effectively prevent crime.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917

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