群体性事件的法律解决之道

发布时间：2018-03-27 11:25

本文选题：群体性事件　切入点：群体心理　出处：《西南政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 近年来,伴随改革开放的深入和转型期社会矛盾的日益复杂,由利益分化、利益冲突和利益重组所引发的各类群体性事件逐渐增多,我国社会正走向群体性事件多发阶段,群体性事件渐渐成为社会和政权稳定的隐忧。因此在法治建设的历史背景下,如何采取切实可行的办法来预防和减少群体性事件,是我国公权力部门以及普通公民所关注并希望加以解决的实践问题,同时也是宪法行政法学界需要密切关注和值得深入思考的理论问题。实事求是地研究此问题,对于维护社会稳定,促进改革发展无疑具有十分重要的意义。本文的第一部分从群体性事件的界定入手,分析了“群体性事件”语词形态的历史变迁,分别界定了广义上的群体性事件和宪法行政法视野下的群体性事件;对群体性事件按照不同的标准进行了类型化分析;接着分别论证群体性事件是否有政治性、群体性、违法性、突发性和对抗性,进而在筛选鉴别中得出群体性事件的三大特点;同时还对群体性事件与相关概念进行了对比。论文的第二部分着力于分析群体性事件的几个主要形成原因,包括社会转型时期,贫富分化和利益冲突加剧;政治民生化趋势为群体性事件提供了一个宽容的社会背景;我国公民权利保障体制不健全;同时还对几种高频发生的主要群体性事件的具体原因进.行了分析,力图在错综复杂的社会现象中找到引发群体性事件的诱因。文章的三、四、五部分都是论述群体性事件的法律解决之道。文章的第三部分论述落实行政公开制度是群体性事件法律解决的基础。首先分析了政府信息公开义务的理论基础,对于公民知情权的问题笔者认为目前对于信息公开和公民的知情权的问题不是立法的不完善,而是应当严格按照立法去落实和完善制度保障,因此笔者接着论述了我国公民知情权的关键是落实的论题。文章的第四部分论述完善公民利益表达机制是群体性事件法律解决的关键。以科塞的社会安全阀理论入手,论述了在畅通公民利益表达机制上的两点建议:即我国宪法中应增加“请愿权”;放宽集会游行示威法的限制性规定。法律的不完善和缺失是导致群体性事件的深层原因,从立法、司法、执法、守法领域确保公民的言论表达自由,可以缓解民意表达不畅带来的社会隐形危机。文章的第五部分论述了优化社会治理结构是群体性事件法律解决的手段。在社会治理结构由一元向多元转变的过程中,我们应当注意以下几点来减少群体性事件的发生:(一)发挥信访制度的优势;(二)在立法和行政执法中,严格界定“公共利益”概念;(三)扩大行政诉讼的受案范围;(四)培育我国的非政府组织(NGo);(五)培养理性和谐的公民伦理和制度伦理;(六)运用大众传媒的力量。本文最大的特点是面对群体性事件这一个跨学科综合性问题,试图以较宽广的视角分析得出一些有实际意义的说法和结论,并且最终落实到群体性事件的法律解决之道,试图能够为群体性事件的解决提供一些有价值的参考论证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the deepening of reform and opening up and transition of social contradictions have become increasingly complex, by interest differentiation, various types of group events triggered by the conflict of interests and interests are gradually increased, the society of our country is to group multiple events, group events gradually become social and political stability problems. Therefore in the rule of law the construction of the historical background, how to take practical measures to prevent and reduce the mass incidents, the public power sector in China and is of concern to ordinary citizens and hope to solve the practical problems, but also the need to pay close attention to the administrative law circles and theoretical problems worthy of deep thinking. To study this problem realistically, for maintenance to promote social stability, is undoubtedly of great significance for reform and development.
The first part of this paper starts from the definition of group events, analysis of the "historical incidents" word form, which defines a generalization of the group incidents and the constitution administrative law from the perspective of group events; the group incidents in accordance with the different standards for the type of analysis; then demonstrates whether mass incidents have a political, group, illegal, sudden and confrontational, and then draw the three characteristics of group events in screening; also compared to group events and related concepts.
Some focus on the analysis of group incidents in the second part of the main reasons, including the period of social transformation, polarization between the rich and the conflicts of interest; provides a tolerant and social background of the political trend of the peoples livelihood for group events; China's civil rights guarantee system is not perfect; but also the specific reasons of the main events of several the high frequency of occurrence. For the analysis, trying to find the causes of mass incidents in the perplexing social phenomenon.
In the three, four, five part is to discuss legal community event solutions. The third part discusses the implementation of the administrative public system is the basis to solve the law of mass incidents. First analyzes the theoretical basis of government information disclosure obligations of the citizens' right to know the problem I think the information publicity and the citizen the right to know is the problem of imperfect legislation, but should be in strict accordance with the implementation of legislation to implement and perfect the system, then the author discusses the key of our country's citizen's right to know is to implement the topic.
The fourth part discusses the perfect expression of the interests of the citizens is the key to solve the legal mechanism of group events. With the theory of social safety valve of Coser discussed in the interests of the citizens, smooth expression of two suggestions: mechanism should increase the "petition" in the constitution of our country; to relax the restrictions demonstration law method. Is not perfect and lack of reason, group events from the legislative, judicial, law enforcement, law-abiding citizens of the area to ensure that the right to freedom of expression, can relieve the poor expression of public opinion about the social hidden crisis.
The fifth part discusses the optimization of social governance structure is the law of mass incidents means. In the social governance structure is composed of a dollar tomulti transition, we should pay attention to the following points to reduce the occurrence of mass incidents: (a) take advantage of the petition system; (two) in the legislative and administrative in law enforcement, strict definition of "public interest" concept; (three) to expand the scope of administrative litigation; (four) to develop Chinas non-governmental organizations (NGo); (five) develop citizen ethics and institutional ethics of harmonious rationality; (six) the use of the power of the mass media.
The main characteristic of this paper is in the face of mass incidents which is a cross disciplinary comprehensive problem, try to take a more broad perspective analysis of some practical significance and conclusions of the argument, and ultimately to the group events in the legal solution, trying to provide some valuable references for solving mass incidents.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D631.4

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