犯罪的社会文化解析

发布时间：2018-04-20 22:27

本文选题：文化 + 文化规范　；参考：《兰州大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 犯罪根源于人的动物性,即人的本能。人除了自然属性之外还有社会属性,文化作为人的社会属性是人的本质属性。缺少了文化这一本质属性,人充其量是一个高级动物。文化的重要特征是文化具有规范性,能够影响、制约个人的人格和行为,文化规范性是社会内在的运行机理和社会发展的深层本质。本能作为人的自然属性其重要特征是它始终按照快乐原则行事。本能只为照顾个人的存在与快乐,而文化是一项事业,是一项伟大的工程,它必然要对个体的行为进行规范。它约束和指引着本能,使之符合大多数人的利益。然而,现实中,本能的冲动往往打破文化的禁锢导致犯罪,而犯罪的定义正是文化特有目的的需要。因此,本能与文化的对抗是犯罪在文化方面的一个基础性原因。不同文化之间的核心差别是其规范特征的不同。所谓文化冲突就是不同性质文化之间的碰撞,它是社会变迁过程中的自然结果。社会变迁导致了无数的社会群体,每个群体对于生活情境都有自己的定义,对社会关系也各有各的解释,而对其它群体的社会价值全然无知或者每有误解。在所有情况下,涉陷规则中的某一群体成员的行为都会在某些方面被其他群体判为异常行为,甚至是犯罪行为。这是犯罪在文化方面的发展性原因。
[Abstract]:Crime is rooted in man's animality, that is, man's instinct. Human being has social attribute besides natural attribute, culture as human's social attribute is human's essential attribute. Without the essential attribute of culture, man is at best a high-class animal. The important characteristic of culture is that culture is normative, which can influence and restrict the personality and behavior of individuals. Cultural norm is the inner operating mechanism of society and the deep essence of social development. Instinct as the natural attribute of man its important characteristic is that it always acts according to the principle of happiness. Instinct only takes care of the existence and happiness of individuals, while culture is a cause and a great project, and it must regulate the behavior of individuals. It binds and guides instinct to serve the interests of the majority. However, in reality, the instinctive impulse often breaks down the cultural imprison to lead to crime, and the definition of crime is the need of culture-specific purpose. Therefore, the confrontation between instinct and culture is a basic reason for crime in culture. The core difference between different cultures is the difference of their normative characteristics. The so-called cultural conflict is the collision between different cultures, which is the natural result of social changes. Social changes have led to countless social groups, each group has its own definition of the life situation, social relations have their own explanations, and the social value of other groups completely ignorant or every misunderstanding. In all cases, the behavior of a member of a group involved in the rules will in some ways be judged by other groups as abnormal behavior, or even criminal behavior. This is the cultural development of crime.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D917.3

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