劳动教养制度的立法探讨

发布时间：2018-05-09 00:28

本文选题：劳动教养立法 + 劳动教养制度未来走向　；参考：《中国政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国的劳动教养制度已走过了五十年的风雨历程,成功地教育挽救了大量严重违法和轻微犯罪人员,为维护国家政治稳定和社会安定,预防和减少犯罪,做出了突出贡献。劳动教养制度作为具有中国特色的一项法律制度,已成为我国法律体系中的重要组成部分。然而,在立法方面,劳动教养制度与建设社会主义法制国家的总体要求仍然存在着诸多不适应之处。劳动教养要想取得更大发展,就必须适应时代的步伐,改革创新,建立相应成熟的法律制度。对于未来的劳动教养立法,无论是理论界还是实践者,都正在积极参与探索和研讨,提出各自方案。本文在对一些观点分析后,提出了自己的观点,即:建立中国特色的“准刑事处罚的强制性教育矫治措施”制度,是符合中国国情的,立法后可称为“违法行为教育矫治法”。本文分四个部分进行阐述: 第一部分:阐述劳动教养制度的历史渊源与立法发展阶段。在对劳动教养制度的历史进程进行时间顺序梳理后,又从立法的角度,对其进行了立法发展阶段的分析比较。分为原法执行阶段、原法质疑阶段、劳动教养制度立法进程加快阶段。在“原法质疑阶段”分析了劳动教养制度的一些问题所在。第二部分:与国外两种相关法律制度进行横向比较。分析了国外在处理相似问题上运用何种制度和方法,介绍了轻罪制度和保安处分制度。第三部分:介绍了劳动教养制度未来走向的几种观点及评析。主要是废除劳动教养制度论和改革完善劳动教养制度论。改革完善论中主要分析了以劳动教养为基础建立轻罪制度、将劳动教养保安处分化、完善现有的劳动教养行政措施或行政处罚制度、将劳动教养对象分类分解化四个方向。经过对我国现今实际情况的综合考量,分析得出结论:这四种走向都不够完善。第四部分:从国情出发,探究劳动教养制度立法的改革方向和设计构想。明确了未来劳动教养立法的性质:建立中国特色的“准刑事处罚的强制性的教育矫治措施”制度;提出未来劳动教养立法的名称“违法行为教育矫治法”;确立了违法行为教育矫治法的执行对象;确定违法行为教育矫治法的期限应当为6至18个月为宜;确定违法行为教育矫治法的决定和监督程序,通过司法程序决定案件的执行,多种方式监督,主要依靠检察监督机制;结合现在劳动教养工作实际,对违法行为教育矫治法的执行方式作了进一步探讨。
[Abstract]:China's re-education through labor system has gone through 50 years of wind and rain course, successful education to save a large number of serious violations of the law and minor crime personnel, for the maintenance of national political stability and social stability, prevention and reduction of crime, made outstanding contributions. As a legal system with Chinese characteristics, the system of reeducation through labor has become an important part of the legal system of our country. However, in the aspect of legislation, there are still many incompatibilities between the system of reeducation through labor and the overall requirement of building a socialist legal state. If we want to achieve greater development, we must adapt to the pace of the times, reform and innovate, and establish a corresponding mature legal system. For the future legislation of reeducation through labor, both theorists and practitioners are actively participating in the exploration and discussion, and putting forward their own plans. After analyzing some points of view, this paper puts forward its own point of view, that is, the establishment of the system of "compulsory education and correction measures of quasi-criminal punishment" with Chinese characteristics is in line with the national conditions of China, and it can be called "Education Correction Law for illegal acts" after legislation. This paper is divided into four parts: The first part: expound the historical origin and legislative development stage of reeducation through labor system. After combing the historical process of the reeducation through labor system in time order, the author analyzes and compares the legislative development stage of the system from the angle of legislation. It is divided into the original law execution stage, the original law challenge stage, the reeducation through labor system legislative process speeds up the stage. In the stage of questioning the original law, the author analyzes some problems in the system of reeducation through labor. The second part: carries on the horizontal comparison with the foreign two kinds of related legal systems. This paper analyzes on the systems and methods used by foreign countries to deal with similar problems, and introduces the system of misdemeanours and security measures. The third part: introduces several viewpoints and comments on the future trend of reeducation through labor system. It is mainly to abolish the theory of reeducation through labor system and to reform and perfect the theory of reeducation through labor system. In the theory of reform and perfection, it mainly analyzes the establishment of misdemeanor system based on reeducation through labor, the division of the security department of reeducation through labor, the perfection of the existing administrative measures or administrative punishment system of reeducation through labor, and the classification and decomposition of the object of reeducation through labor into four directions. Through the comprehensive consideration of the actual situation in our country, the conclusion is drawn: these four trends are not perfect. Part IV: from the point of view of national conditions, explore the reform direction and design idea of the legislation of reeducation through labor system. This paper clarifies the nature of the legislation of reeducation through labor in the future, establishes the system of "compulsory measures of education and correction of quasi-criminal punishment" with Chinese characteristics, and puts forward the name of the future legislation of re-education through labour "the Law on Education Correction for illegal acts". Established the object of enforcement of the law on education and correction of illegal acts; determined that the time limit of the law of correction of education for illegal acts should be 6 to 18 months; determined the decision and supervision procedures of the law on education and correction of illegal acts, and decided on the execution of cases through judicial procedures, Various ways of supervision mainly rely on the procuratorial supervision mechanism, combining with the reality of reeducation through labor, this paper makes a further discussion on the enforcement of the law on education and correction of illegal behavior.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D926.8

【引证文献】