新时期群体性事件问题探析

发布时间：2018-05-20 15:56

本文选题：群体性事件 + 新生代农民工　；参考：《江西师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 中国正处于计划经济向市场经济转型时期,经济体制、社会结构、利益格局、思想观念发生了深刻变动。这种变动既给中国社会经济发展带来巨大活力,也不可避免地给中国人在利益上、政治上及思想上带来了这样那样的矛盾和问题。这些矛盾和问题极易诱发群体性事件,造成局部动荡,给中国和谐社会的构建带来不利因素。本文第一章从群体性事件的现状分析入手,阐明了群体性事件是中国转型期群体性突发事件,是指在中国从计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转轨、从传统农业社会向现代工业社会转型的过程中,因人民内部矛盾而引发,或因人民内部矛盾处理不当而积累、激发,在不确定诱因和不确定时间中,由部分公众参与,采取围堵党政机关、静坐请愿、阻塞交通、集会、聚众闹事、群体上访等行为,并对政府管理和社会秩序造成影响甚至使社会在一定范围内陷入一定强度对峙状态的群体性事件。指出了群体性事件的类型主要分为四类:城市居民突发群体性事件;农民突发群体性事件;大学生突发群体性事件;民族宗教问题的突发群体性事件。概括了群体性事件的特征:矛盾集聚特征明显,规模扩大化趋势明显,参与群众的诉求具有复杂性特征,事件原因具有多样性特征。并深刻揭示了群体性事件的危害,群体性事件长期居高不下,势必容易使群众由对单位领导或地方领导的不信任,进一步扩大对党委政府派出人员的不信任,继而演化为对政府的失望,导致民众的抵触情绪和心理,从而产生潜在的政治危机感,引发区域性的社会动荡,甚至动摇党的执政基础。第二章深入分析诱发群体性事件的政治原因有基层组织软弱涣散、地方领导政策观念不强、法制建设相对落后等;经济原因有贫富分化和分配不均、地方政府片面政绩观、中国城乡“二元结构”的不平衡等;文化原因有传统文化的诚信危机、和谐社会下大众文化存在的问题、民俗文化发展与建设小康社会呈现不合节拍的音符;社会原因有公众参与程度低、就业形势非常严峻、社会救济和保障不完善等。第三章从源头上提出了有效预防和化解群体性事件的措施。政治措施为打造服务性政府,提升人民公仆在百姓心目中的亲和力;提高机关工作人员法律知识水平,对群众开展普法教育等。经济措施为大力发展经济,提高就业率;加快转变经济发展方式,实现新生代农民工的就业价值观;改革财政转移支付“着眼点”,转变政府政绩观等。文化措施为弘扬中华文化,建设中华民族共有精神家园,提出了发展传统文化、大众文化、民俗文化的建议;加强党员思想政治教育的同时,推动群众思想政治教育工作的蓬勃开展。社会措施为加大财政投入,建立覆盖全社会的保障体系,实施全方位鼓励就业政策,严格实施《就业促进法》,制定有关失业的法律法规,适当减少离退休人员兼职;优先发展教育,加大教育投入,把学前教育尽快纳入义务教育范畴;建立覆盖全民的社会保障体系,保障人民基本生活等
[Abstract]:China is in a period of transition from planned economy to market economy. The economic system, social structure, interest pattern and ideology have undergone profound changes. This change not only brings great vitality to the social and economic development of China, but also inevitably brings such contradictions and problems to the Chinese people in the interests, political and ideological. Contradictions and problems can easily lead to mass incidents and cause partial turbulence, which will bring unfavorable factors to the construction of a harmonious society in China.
The first chapter of this article, starting with the analysis of the current situation of group events, clarifies that group events are mass emergencies in China's transition period, which refers to the transition from the planned economy to the socialist market economy system, the transition from the traditional agricultural society to the modern industrial society, caused by the contradictions among the people, or because of the people. The improper treatment of internal contradictions and accumulation, stimulation, the participation of part of the public in the uncertain and uncertain time, the participation of the party and the government, the sitting of the petition, the traffic, the assembly, the crowd, the group visits, and the influence of the government management and the social order, even the society in a certain scope. It points out that the group events are divided into four categories: the sudden group events of urban residents, the sudden group incidents of the peasants, the sudden group events of the college students and the sudden group events of the ethnic and religious problems. The characteristics of the group events are summarized, the characteristics of the contradiction agglomeration are obvious and the trend of scale enlargement is obvious. The appeal of the masses is characterized by complexity and the diversity of the causes of the events. It has revealed the harm of mass events and the long standing of group events. It is bound to easily make the masses distrust from the leadership of the units or local leaders, and further expand the distrust of the Party committee's officials and then evolve into political affairs. The disappointment of the government led to the public's conflicting emotions and psychology, resulting in a sense of political crisis, triggering regional social upheaval and even shaking the ruling base of the party.
The second chapter analyzes the political reasons for the group events, such as the weak and laxity of the grass-roots organizations, the poor local leadership policy and the relative backwardness of the legal system. The economic reasons include the polarization between the rich and the poor, the uneven distribution of the rich and the poor, the one-sided view of the local government, the imbalance of the "two yuan structure" in the urban and rural areas of China, and the cultural reasons for the integrity of the traditional culture The crisis, the problem of the existence of mass culture in a harmonious society, the development of folk culture and the construction of a well-off society present an incompatible note; the social reasons are low public participation, the employment situation is very severe, social relief and security are not perfect.
The third chapter puts forward the measures to effectively prevent and dissolve the group events from the source. The political measures are to build a service government, improve the affinity of the people's public servants in the eyes of the people, improve the legal knowledge level of the staff and carry out the general law education, and so on. The economic measures are to develop the economy, improve the employment rate and accelerate the transformation. The mode of economic development, the realization of the values of the employment value of the new generation of migrant workers, the reform of the "focus" of the financial transfer payment, the transformation of the view of government achievements, and so on. The cultural measures are to carry forward the Chinese culture, build a common spiritual home of the Chinese nation, and put forward the suggestions for the development of the traditional culture, the mass culture and the folk culture, and strengthen the ideological and political education of the party members. In order to promote the vigorous development of Ideological and political education of the masses, social measures include increasing financial input, establishing a security system covering the whole society, implementing a full range of employment policies, strictly implementing the employment promotion law, formulating the laws and regulations on unemployment, reducing the part-time workers in the retired people, giving priority to the development of education and increasing the investment in education, Bring preschool education into the scope of compulsory education as soon as possible, establish a social security system covering the whole people, and ensure the basic livelihood of the people.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D631.4

【参考文献】